The results of the first experiments carried out in the new electron accelerator of the Linear Accelerator Laboratory (LAL) of the Physics Institute of Universidade de São Paulo are reported here. A 1.9 MeV beam line, which allows the use of the injector beam for experimental physics, was added to the original accelerator design. Electron bremsstrahlung spectra for Ag and Au thin targets observed at 30 o and 60 o with respect to the beam direction were collected in a HPGe coaxial detector, whose dimensions, including crystal inner hole dimensions and dead layer thickness, were estimated by means of combined experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations with the MCNP code, to evaluate the detector response function to perform the deconvolution of the spectrum. Cross sections for bremsstrahlung yield were determined for the entire measured energy range (100-1910 keV) and for the tip region (1700-1970 keV). The results in the tip region are in agreement with MCNPX and PENELOPE predictions. The possible causes for the disagreement at energies lower than 1800 keV are discussed. The design of a Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF) setup, aiming the study of dipolar excitations in nuclei with bremsstrahlung photons when the Microtron electron energy reaches 10 MeV, is also shown. The setup was designed with the characteristics of the Microtron building and facilities in mind, and searches to minimize the radiation caused by scattered photons and neutrons from photonuclear reactions. The behavior of the NRF setup elements: converter, collimator, detector shielding and photon beam dump, were studied by simulation as functions of their characteristics-dimensions, shapes, materials-using the MCNPX code. The spectral intensity to be observed by the photon detector in the designed NRF setup with a 27 Al reference target, typical for NRF measurements, was assessed by simulation and shows the feasibility of this sort of experiment with the Microtron. vi vii Dedicatória A minha tia Haydee, a meus pais Lucy, Aldo e Rodolfo, a meu amor Fátima, e à maior alegria de minha vida, Marquitos... A mi tía Haydee, a mis padres Lucy, Aldo y Rodolfo, a mi amor Fátima, y a la mayor alegría de mi vida, Marquitos… viii ix Agradecimentos À Prof. Nora pelos prazos estendidos, pela ajuda insuperável em muitas coisas alem do doutorado, por fazer deste trabalho quase seu segundo Phd., sem ela simplesmente eu não estaria escrevendo estes agradecimentos, Ao Prof. Vito pela linha de baixa energia, pelas correções e sugestões e pelo grande tempo dedicado, A Vicky, sempre agradecido, sem ela para mi o Brasil, fora o carnaval de Rio, as brigas no vôlei das cubanas e as brasileiras..., mas só na TV, Ao Prof. Marcos, meu primeiro orientador, sempre exigente, preciso e disposto a ajudar, A Alexandre e Alfredo por fazerem o Microtron funcionar, por conseguirem superar as múltiplas inconveniências, A Roberto e ao pessoal da oficina mecânica, sempre ágeis e atentos, À Wanda Gabriel Pereira Engel do LAFN pelo preparo dos alvos, À Prof. Márcia de Almeida ...