Current distribution in fused electrical networks

Ortiz, J. S. Espinoza; Gunaratne, Gemunu H.

doi:10.1590/s0103-97332003000200039

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…The first is a computation of the loss of strength due to a single penny-shaped fracture of circular cross-section and height 1. The stresses on struts bordering the fracture increase with the diameter (21,24). Consequently, these elements have a higher propensity for fracture, thus weakening the entire network.…”

Section: Reduction Of Fracture Load With Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Two Predictions for Fracture Load Using Computer Models of Trabecular Bone

Liebschner

Müller

Wimalawansa

et al. 2005

Biophysical Journal

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Aging induces several types of architectural changes in trabecular bone including thinning, increased levels of anisotropy, and perforation. It has been determined, on the basis of analysis of mathematical models, that reduction in fracture load caused by perforation is significantly higher than those due to equivalent levels of thinning or anisotropy. The analysis has also provided an expression which relates the fractional reduction of strength tau to the fraction of elements nu that have been removed from a network. Further, it was proposed that the ratio Gamma of the elastic constant of a sample and its linear response at resonance can be used as a surrogate for tau. Experimental validation of these predictions requires following architectural changes in a given sample of trabecular bone; techniques to study such changes using microcomputed tomography are only beginning to be available. In the present study, we use anatomically accurate computer models constructed from digitized images of bone samples for the purpose. Images of healthy bone are subjected to successive levels of synthetic degradation via surface erosion. Computer models constructed from these images are used to calculate their fracture load and other mechanical properties. Results from these computations are shown to be consistent with predictions derived from the analysis of mathematical models. Although the form of tau(nu) is known, parameters in the expression are expected to be sample-specific, and hence nu is not a reliable predictor of strength. We provide an example to demonstrate this. In contrast, analysis of model networks shows that the linear part of tau(Gamma) depends only on the structure of trabecular bone. Computations on models constructed from samples of iliac crest trabecular bone are shown to be in agreement with this assertion. Since Gamma can be computed from a vibrational assessment of bone, we argue that the latter can be used to introduce new surrogates for bone strength and hence diagnostic tools for osteoporosis.

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Section: Reduction Of Fracture Load With Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%