A adição de diferentes produtos químicos e o efeito da umidade na volatilização de amônia em cama de frango

Medeiros, Rangel; Santos, Bruno José Martini; Freitas, Marcela Medeiros de; Silva, Odete Andrade; Alves, Fabrício Ferreira; Ferreira, Elvino

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782008000800035

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…and left for 1 hour for resting, after which pH was read using aa digital pHmeter (Oliveira et al, 1988). Litter moisture content was obtained by calculating the weight difference of a sample before and after drying at 65°C for 72 hours (Medeiros et al, 2008). The degree of caking was measured in three places at each pen using a soil hydraulic analogical penetrograph, which measured the resistance of the bedding surface.…”

Section: Litter Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selecting appropriate bedding to reduce locomotion problems in broilers

Paz

Garcia

Bernardi

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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Two experiments were carried out at the Poultry Sector of the School of Agrarian Sciences of the Federal University of Grande Dourados to evaluate the incidence of leg problems in broilers reared on two distinct types of bedding material: rice husks or wood shavings, both new and reused. In both trials, a randomized experimental design was applied in factorial arrangement (2 x 2 x 2) using two genetic strains (Cobb ® or Ross ® ); two sexes (male or female), and two litter materials (rice husks or wood shavings). In each trial 1080 one day pullets were reared equally divided in the treatments. The birds were placed in 4.5 m 2 boxes at a density of 10 birds m -2 . All birds were fed diets with equal nutritional density, and water was offered ad libitum. Feeds were divided in three phases: starter diet (1 -21 days), grower diet (22 -35 days), and finisher diet (36 -45 days). On day 45, fifty birds were randomly selected in each experiment to evaluate flock leg problems. The following parameters were analyzed: gait score, incidence of valgus and varus disorder, footpad dermatitis, femoral degeneration, tibial dyschondroplasia, and spondylolisthesis. Ambient temperature during rearing and litter caking and moisture content were recorded in four boxes per treatment. The analytical hierarchy process was used to organize the data into specific criteria. Several criteria, related to the attributes that were determinant according to the statistical analysis, were chosen in order to provide the best input to the process. Results indicated that new wood-shavings bedding was the most appropriate bedding to prevent locomotion problems, followed by new rice husks, reused wood shavings, and reused rice husks. However, when leg problems were associated to sex and genetic strain, male Ross birds strain presented less problems when reared on new rice husks, followed by new wood shavings

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Section: Litter Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selecting appropriate bedding to reduce locomotion problems in broilers

Paz

Garcia

Bernardi

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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“…For instance, Miragliotta et al (2004) reported one of the first studies on the development of a statistical model for NH 3 emissions from Brazilian broiler houses, based on correlation of emissions with variables such as pH, environmental temperature and relative humidity; Lima et al (2011) presented NH 3 emission factors for mechanically ventilated broiler barns under different litter conditions (new vs. used) combined with different stocking densities; Osorio (2010) developed a practical method for determining NH 3 emission rates in naturally ventilated Brazilian broiler barns; Souza & Mello (2011) presented an attempt of inventory of NH 3 emissions from all domestic animal categories over the state of Rio de Janeiro, however, using emission factors from studies performed in Europe and the U.S.A, and thus under temperate climate conditions. Some effort has also been given on the evaluation of mitigation strategies to reduce Brazilian NH 3 emissions, such as the study reported by Medeiros et al (2008), who evaluated the effect of chemical additives to the litter as a means to reduce NH 3 volatilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia emissions from a naturally and a mechanically ventilated broiler house in Brazil

Mendes¹,

Tinôco²,

Ogink³

et al. 2014

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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A B S T R A C TThis study was conducted with the aim of monitoring NH 3 emissions from a mechanically and a naturally ventilated broiler house (MVB and NVB, respectively) and calculate their ammonia emission factors (f NH3 ). Bird stocking density was 13.5 and 11.1 birds m -2 for the MVB and NVB, respectively. The marketing age was 43 days and bedding consisted of dried coffee husks in its first time of use. Ventilation rates were calculated with the metabolic carbon dioxide mass balance method. Values of f NH3 were 0.32 ± 0.10 and 0.27 ± 0.07 g bird -1 d -1 for the MVB and NVB, respectively, and are in agreement to what was presented in other studies performed under similar conditions. The f NH3 estimated on yearly basis was 58 g bird-place -1 year -1. It was concluded that the different types of ventilation system between the studied broiler barns did not significantly affect emissions in the modeling process. The results obtained help providing reliable methodology for the determination of a solid database on NH 3 emission factors for tropical conditions that can be used for future inventories, when performed in a sufficient number of barns that is representative for the Brazilian scenario.Emissão de amônia de galpões de frangos de corte com ventilação natural e mecânica no Brasil R E S U M O Este estudo foi conduzido com o propósito de monitorar a emissão de amônia (NH 3 ) de um galpão de frango de corte com ventilação mecânica e outro com ventilação natural (GVM e GVN, respectivamente) e, por fim, calcular seus fatores de emissão de NH 3 (f NH3 ). A densidade de alojamento das aves foi 13.5 e 11.1 aves m -2 para o GVM e GVN, respectivamente. As aves foram removidas para o abate aos 43 dias e a cama consistiu de casca de café, em primeiro uso. As taxas de ventilação nos galpões foram calculadas com base no método do balanço de dióxido de carbono. Os valores de f NH3 obtidos foram 0.32 ± 0.10 e 0.27 ± 0.07 g ave -1 d -1 para o GVM e GVN, respectivamente, e estão de acordo com o que foi apresentado em outros estudos independentes, realizados em condições similares. O valor estimado de f NH3 em base anual foi 58 g ave-alocada -1 ano -1. Concluiu-se que o tipo de sistema de ventilação adotado em cada galpão não afetou, de modo significativo, a parametrização da equação de emissão no processo de modelagem. Os resultados validam a acurácia da metodologia de determinação da emissão de amônia para galpões nas condições brasileiras e contribuem para a formação de base de dados confiável de fatores de emissão em climas tropicais, quando aplicada em um número suficiente de galpões que seja representativo do cenário brasileiro.

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“…A volatilização da amônia em camas muito úmidas é reduzida pela forte afinidade dissociativa da amônia em água [82] e pelo fato de a velocidade das atividades microbianas e enzimáticas ser reduzida ou encerrada devido à escassez de oxigênio [9]. Em camas secas a conversão da uréia em amônia pode ser reduzida e em camas de frango excessivamente secas, a maior quantidade de partículas de pó serve como um mecanismo de transporte para a amônia [9].…”

Section: Materiais Utilizados Como Camaunclassified

“…Diferentes aditivos químicos têm sido estudados objetivando minimizar as altas concentrações de amônia observadas na reutilização da cama de frango [37], entre eles o carbonato de sódio, o qual foi estudado por Medeiros et al [82]. Como no primeiro ensaio a melhor concentração de carbonato de sódio encontrada foi a de 9%, em outro experimento foi estudada uma faixa maior de concentração de carbonato (9, 19, 29, 39 e 49%).…”

Section: Influência Do Ph -Concentração De Carbonato De Sódiounclassified

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Estudo do processo para a aceleração da geração de amônia a partir de resíduos avícolas visando à produção de hidrogênio

Egute¹

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A adição de diferentes produtos químicos e o efeito da umidade na volatilização de amônia em cama de frango

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Selecting appropriate bedding to reduce locomotion problems in broilers

Selecting appropriate bedding to reduce locomotion problems in broilers

Ammonia emissions from a naturally and a mechanically ventilated broiler house in Brazil

Estudo do processo para a aceleração da geração de amônia a partir de resíduos avícolas visando à produção de hidrogênio

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