Toxidez pelos ácidos propiônico e butírico em plântulas de arroz

Schmidt, Fábiana; Bortolon, Leandro; Souza, Rogério Oliveira de

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782007000300018

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Studies with rice and oats confirm the greater phytotoxic effect of butyric acid on root length (Bortolon et al, 2009;Kopp et al, 2010;Schmidt et al, 2007;Tunes et al, 2008;2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Resposta de plântulas de aveia ao estresse por ácidos acético e butírico

et al. 2014

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White oat is an excellent alternative winter crop for crop rotation systems. The decomposition of organic matter retained on the soil in no-till conditions associated with poor drainage or excessive moisture increase the formation of organic acids, including acetic and butyric acids, with high phytotoxic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acetic and butyric acids on germination and early seedling development of different oat cultivars. The experiment was a completely randomized block design, where seeds of the cultivars Afrodite, Albasul, Brisasul, FAEM 06, IAC 7, URS 21 and URS Taura, were subjected to four levels of acetic (0, 4, 8 and 12 mM) and butyric (0, 3, 6 and 9 mM) acids. Seeds were kept in a germination chamber for ten days. The traits evaluated were: shoot length (SL), root length (RL), and germination percentage (% GER). Butyric acid was more toxic than acetic acid, impairing more root development than shoot length. The cultivars IAC 7 and Brisasul were more sensitive and the cultivars URS Taura and Afrodite were tolerant to the organic acids studied. In the control and in the treatment with 12 mM acetic acid, we found correlation between RL and %GER. There is a large variation among cultivars in response to acetic and butyric acids.Key words: phytotoxicity, Avena sativa, germination, root, shoot. Resposta de plântulas de aveia ao estresse por ácidos acético e butíricoResumo A aveia branca é uma excelente opção como cultura de inverno em sistemas de sucessão de culturas. A decomposição do material orgânico, mantido na superfície do solo no plantio direto, associado a condições de má drenagem ou umidade excessiva, acentua a formação de ácidos orgânicos. Dentre estes, os ácidos acéticos e butírico apresentam grande potencial fitotóxico. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito dos ácidos acético e butírico na germinação e no desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de diferentes cultivares de aveia branca. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos completamente casualizados, onde sementes das cultivares Afrodite, Albasul, Brisasul, FAEM 06, IAC 7, URS 21 e URS Taura foram embebidas em quatro doses de ácido acético (0, 4, 8 e 12 mM) e butírico (0, 3, 6 e 9 mM). As sementes foram mantidas em câmera de germinação por dez dias. Foram avaliados os caracteres comprimento da parte aérea (CPA), comprimento de raiz (CR) e a porcentagem de germinação (% GER). O ácido butírico demonstrou-se mais fitotóxico que o ácido acético, sendo o desenvolvimento das raízes mais afetado que a parte aérea. As cultivares IAC 7 e Brisasul demonstraram-se mais sensíveis e as cultivares URS Taura e Afrodite demonstraram-se menos afetadas pelos ácidos orgânicos em estudo. Sem a adição de ácidos e na dose de 12 mM de ácido acético, verificou-se a correlação entre % GER e CR. Existe grande variabilidade entre as cultivares estudadas, em resposta aos ácidos acético e butírico.

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“…Studies with rice and oats confirm the greater phytotoxic effect of butyric acid on root length (Bortolon et al, 2009;Kopp et al, 2010;Schmidt et al, 2007;Tunes et al, 2008;2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Resposta de plântulas de aveia ao estresse por ácidos acético e butírico

et al. 2014

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“…Esse fato pode ter alterado a luminosidade para as plantas de arroz, pois MEROTTO JR et al (2002), avaliando a variação da qualidade da luz através da presença de plantas daninhas ou da reflexão da luz resultante da presença de seis toneladas de palha de aveia sobre o solo, encontraram que a cobertura do solo com palha influencia diretamente a altura das plantas de soja em função das formas de luminosidade utilizada. Além disso, no sistema de plantio direto, a presença de elevadas quantidades de resíduos vegetais sobre o solo pode resultar na produção de ácidos orgânicos de baixo peso molecular e cadeia curta, como os ácidos propiônico e butírico (SCHMIDT et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Manejo do azevém no estabelecimento inicial de plantas, na ciclagem de nutrientes e no rendimento de grãos do arroz irrigado

et al. 2015

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RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes manejos da cultura do azevém na entressafra do arroz irrigado, sobre o estabelecimento inicial de plantas, a ciclagem de nutrientes e o rendimento de grãos de arroz. O experimento Use of ryegrass in lowlands intensifies the nutrient cycling; however, it is recommended that in non grazed ryegrass the desiccation should be performed 60 days before the irrigated rice planting without reducing grain yield. Ryegrass hay production is a viable alternative for the off-season in lowlands because it does not reduce the initial establishment of irrigated rice plant.Key words: Oryza sativa, crops succession, cover crop, hay production. INTRODUÇÃOO sistema de semeadura direta em áreas de várzea pode ser incrementado através da implantação de plantas de cobertura de solo após a colheita do arroz irrigado (Oryza sativa). Essa prática pode incrementar a renda do produtor rural, através da utilização de uma cultura forrageira para produção de feno ou para pastejo. Além disso, esse sistema pode impactar positivamente na sustentabilidade do sistema de produção, em razão da ciclagem de nutrientes oriundos da palha remanescente do arroz irrigado pela cultura sucessora, o que possibilitaria otimizar o uso desses nutrientes e minimizar as suas perdas para o ambiente.Desse modo, quando se utilizam culturas em sucessão, busca-se, além da ciclagem de nutrientes, o sincronismo entre a liberação destes pela planta de cobertura e a absorção pela cultura sucessora. Nesse sentido, considera-se uma condição ideal

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“…In the State of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, a state law restricts the practice of burning. However, incorporation of rice straw just before flooding for water-seeded rice can lead to the production of organic acids that are harmful to seedling development (Sousa & Bortolon, 2002;Schmidt et al, 2007) and immobilize soil mineral N (Broadbent & Nakashima, 1970;Serpa et al, 2009), which can affect negatively grain yield (Camargo et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice straw incorporated just before soil flooding increases acetic acid formation and decreases available nitrogen

Knoblauch

Ernani

Deschamps

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Incorporation of rice straw into the soil just before flooding for water-seeded rice can immobilize mineral nitrogen (N) and lead to the production of acetic acid harmful to the rice seedlings, which negatively affects grain yield. This study aimed to evaluate the formation of organic acids and variation in pH and to quantify the mineral N concentration in the soil as a function of different times of incorporation of rice straw or of ashes from burning the straw before flooding. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using an Inceptisol (Typic Haplaquept) soil. The treatments were as follows: control (no straw or ash); incorporation of ashes from previous straw burning; rice straw incorporated to drained soil 60 days before flooding; straw incorporated 30 days before flooding; straw incorporated 15 days before flooding and straw incorporated on the day of flooding. Experimental units were plastic buckets with 6.0 kg of soil. The buckets remained flooded throughout the trial period without rice plants. Soil samples were collected every seven days, beginning one day before flooding until the 13th week of flooding for determination of mineral N- ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-). Soil solution pH and concentration of organic acids (acetic, propionic and butyric) were determined. All NO3- there was before flooding was lost in approximately two weeks of flooding, in all treatments. There was sigmoidal behavior for NH4+ formation in all treatments, i.e., ammonium ion concentration began to rise shortly after soil flooding, slightly decreased and then went up again. On the 91st day of flooding, the NH4+ concentrations in soil was 56 mg kg-1 in the control treatment, 72 mg kg-1 for the 60-day treatment, 73 mg kg-1 for the 30-day treatment and 53 mg kg-1 for the ash incorporation treatment. These ammonium concentrations correspond to 84, 108, 110 and 80 kg ha-1 of N-NH4+, respectively. When the straw was incorporated on the day of flooding or 15 days before, the concentration of N-NH4+ in the soil was 28 and 54 mg kg-1, equivalent to an accumulation of 42 and 81 kg ha-1 of N-NH4+, respectively. There was formation of acetic acid in which toxic concentrations were reached (7.2 mmol L-1) on the 15th day of flooding only for the treatment with straw incorporated on the day of flooding. The pH of the soil solution of all the treatments increased after flooding and this increase was faster in the treatments with incorporation of straw, followed by the ash treatment and then the control. After 60 days of flooding, however, the pH values were around 6.5 for all treatments, except for the control, which reached a pH of 6.3. Rice straw should be incorporated into the soil at least 30 days before flooding; otherwise, it may immobilize part of the mineral N and produce acetic acid in concentrations toxic to rice seedlings.

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Toxidez pelos ácidos propiônico e butírico em plântulas de arroz

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Resposta de plântulas de aveia ao estresse por ácidos acético e butírico

Resposta de plântulas de aveia ao estresse por ácidos acético e butírico

Manejo do azevém no estabelecimento inicial de plantas, na ciclagem de nutrientes e no rendimento de grãos do arroz irrigado

Rice straw incorporated just before soil flooding increases acetic acid formation and decreases available nitrogen

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