Simulation of Air Pollution from Mobile Source Emissions in the City of Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Foi usado um modelo de trajetórias simples e o modelo químico SAPRC, com inclusão da química do etanol e do metil-terc-butil-eter (MTBE), para simular as concentrações de ozônio na Avenida Brasil, uma rua muito movimentada na cidade de Rio de Janeiro (Brasil), onde pode considerar-se que a principal fonte de poluição são os veículos. O máximo calculado para ozônio, 22,4 ppb às 14:57 h, está em bom acordo com os dados experimentais. Foram calculadas as isopletas de ozônio, usando dados meteorológicos e de emissões apropriados para esse local, mostrando que esses níveis de ozônio na cidade de Rio de Janeiro são uma conseqüência das altas concentrações de NOx.A simple trajectory model and the chemical mechanism, including the chemistry of ethanol and methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE), were used to simulate ozone concentrations at Avenida Brasil, a busy expressway in the city of Rio de Janeiro where emissions from mobile sources are considered to be the major source of air pollution. The calculated ozone maximum of 22.4 ppb at 14:57 h is in good agreement with experimental measurements. Ozone isopleth diagrams were calculated based on the meteorological and emission scenario of that expressway, showing that ozone concentrations in Rio de Janeiro are a consequence of the high levels of NOx .

Particle-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a suburban region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with industrial and traffic emissions

“…24 Regarding TSP and PM10, mobile sources represent, 70.2% and 56.8% of total emissions. 30 The number of light-duty vehicles (LDV) of Basin III (1,704 33 which are the major contributors (about 56%) to atmospheric particulate matter concentrations emitted by mobile sources since levels of emissions by light-duty vehicles are controlled by the national government through a severe legislation. 34 Additionally, Brazil Avenue accounts for 25-30% of the total vehicular emissions in the RJMA, with the contribution of about 250,000 cars a day.…”

Experimental and theorical study of the air quality in a suburban industrial-residential area in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…2, 19 On a mass basis, the values 0.173 and 0.157 for the VOC/CO and NO x /CO ratios, respectively, were used. These ratios were kept constant during the simulation and, since they depend on the characteristics of the vehicular fleet, were considered as non-adjustable parameters.…”

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and their Molecular Diagnostic Ratios in Airborne Particles (PM10) Collected in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…At rush time 20% -30% of the vehicular fleet in Brazil Avenue consists of diesel-fueled buses and trucks (Campos, Pimentel, Corrêa, & Arbilla, 1999), which are the major contributors to atmospheric particulate matter concentrations, since levels of emissions by light duty vehicles are controlled by the national government through a severe legislation (PROCONVE/IBAMA, 2005).…”