Polinizadores do Brasil

Hartfelder, Klaus

doi:10.1590/s0103-40142013000200020

Cited by 3 publications

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“…OPEN ACCESS humans depends directly or indirectly on pollination by animals [8], and around 35% of the crop species are pollinated by this group [9]. By investigating only the European continent, the percentage of cultivated plant species dependent on pollination by animals is 84% [10], whereas in cultures located in tropical regions, this value can reach up to 70% of the crops [11].Economically, the performance of pollinators (including groups of insects, birds and mammals) in the reproduction of cultivated plants is estimated at over a trillion dollars [12]. In 2005, the production of food entirely dependent on insects for pollination was estimated at €625 billion, about 39% of world production.…”

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Aspects of Landscape and Pollinators—What is Important to Bee Conservation?

Patrício-Roberto

Campos

2014

Diversity

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Pollinators, especially bees, are essential to terrestrial ecosystems. They ensure the maintenance of certain ecological processes, like superior plants' reproduction. In the past decades, agricultural intensification has caused extensive environmental changes, with major impacts on biodiversity, especially on the pollinators, which reflects the loss of fruits and seeds sets. Here, we review studies that elucidate the causes of decline of pollinators, consequences of landscape changes to agriculture and possibilities to bees' conservation. Many studies have related the loss of pollinators to changes in the landscape, such as the conversion of native forests into cultivated areas, which causes loss of important elements for bees (e.g., sources of pollen, nectar and oil, as well as varied nesting sites). Studies involving landscape ecology allow us to assess the effects of different farming practices over the richness and abundance of pollinators. Among the landscape elements performing positive influence on bees, the presence of remaining forests nearby cultivated areas proved to be a very important factor. Nevertheless, studies that evaluate all ground cover with a more integrated approach are still required to assess the effects of landscape context on the diversity and on the abundance of bees related to productivity of crops. Researches like these could provide specific data that strengthen the need for the conservation of different plants and animals, and could offer subsidies to propose necessary information for the execution of public and private policies, aimed at the conservation of the biodiversity. OPEN ACCESS humans depends directly or indirectly on pollination by animals [8], and around 35% of the crop species are pollinated by this group [9]. By investigating only the European continent, the percentage of cultivated plant species dependent on pollination by animals is 84% [10], whereas in cultures located in tropical regions, this value can reach up to 70% of the crops [11].Economically, the performance of pollinators (including groups of insects, birds and mammals) in the reproduction of cultivated plants is estimated at over a trillion dollars [12]. In 2005, the production of food entirely dependent on insects for pollination was estimated at €625 billion, about 39% of world production. The value of pollination services provided by bees, in this case, was estimated at €153 billion [13]. In Brazil, there is still lack information about the action of pollinators in many crops, making it difficult to estimate a value for this service [14].Since the 90s, many species of pollinators disappeared from natural and agricultural areas [10,[15][16][17][18][19]. Buchmann and Nabham (1996) pointed to this scenario in an article titled "The Pollination Crisis" [20]: the authors observed a reduction of 70% to 90% of the pollination, which provoked a decrease in the fruits and seeds sets of many native and cultivated species. This reduction occurred after huge and abrupt changes in the landscape, associated with ...

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“…Economically, the performance of pollinators (including groups of insects, birds and mammals) in the reproduction of cultivated plants is estimated at over a trillion dollars [12]. In 2005, the production of food entirely dependent on insects for pollination was estimated at €625 billion, about 39% of world production.…”

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confidence: 99%

Aspects of Landscape and Pollinators—What is Important to Bee Conservation?

Patrício-Roberto

Campos

2014

Diversity

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“…Because it requires low financial investment, this activity serves as an alternative source of income by the commercialization of bee products and the rental of beehives for pollination services. Hartfelder (2013) observed that, for beekeepers, the income from renting hives for pollination services is much higher than that obtained from honey production. The agroecosystem service provided by pollinating bees contributes directly to the production of food in terms of both quantity and quality.…”

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confidence: 99%

PARASITISM BY VARROA AND Nosema sp. IN BEEHIVES USED FOR APPLE TREE POLLINATION

2018

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-The apple tree depends on cross-pollination for adequate fruiting. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rate of parasitism by Varroa destructor mites and the infection rate of Nosema sp. in hives of Apis mellifera (Linnaeus) used in pollinating services in apple orchards in the municipality of Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study evaluated the sanitation of beehives before, during, and after apple orchard pollination. Natural parasitism by V. destructor and the presence of Nosema sp. spores were evaluated in hives from areas of forest and canola cultivation (in the 2014/2015 harvest), and from areas of forest and eucalyptus reforestation (2015/2016 harvest). In both harvests, the average rate of parasitism in the hives by V. destructor ranged from 3.0 to 6.7%. The levels of parasitism increased during the pollination period in hives from canola-cultivated areas (2014/2015 harvest), but not in those from the forest and eucalyptus reforestation areas. Spores of Nosema sp. were observed in hives in the 2014/2015 harvest but not in the 2015/2016 harvest. The levels of natural parasitism by V. destructor in A. mellifera hives used in pollination services remained low, and was within the levels reported for the southern region of Brazil. Additionally, the levels of Nosema sp. infection in the hives was low.

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