Reservas indígenas e fronteiras agrícolas na Chapada dos Parecis (MT): uma análise temporal por imagens TM-LANDSAT

Abstract

<abstract language="eng">PARECIS Plateau in the State of Mato Grosso has been submitted to an intense process of occupation for the last thirty years. Through this work a temporal analysis is done on the borders of Nambikwara and Enawene-Nawê which are two of several other indian reservations that are distributed over the Parecis Plateau. The study analyses the spatial distribution of the reservation boundaries and the expanding nearer cropfields. TM-LANDSAT images collected in June of 1984 and May/June of 1997 are the main data support. The general procedures included: digitizing the reservation bounds; conforming cartographic bases and projections; registering images and maps; linear model of spectral mixture; analysis. Results show that the reservation boundaries are getting closer and are often trespassed by cropfields bounds. Trespassed boundaries were depicted in the northwestern edge of Enawene-Nawê along the route that links Vilhena to Juína (route MT 319). The spatial distribution of the roads in the region showed that the vicinals were the main vectors of the process that need to be continuously observed. The results allow recommending the application of the same procedures elsewhere in the country. The experience also allows anticipating that the same methodology can be used even for reservations poorly known or known just by preliminary surveys or descriptive memorials

A new population of the Cone-billed Tanager Conothraupis mesoleuca, with information on the biology, behaviour and type locality of the species

“…Its upper reaches are in the Chapada dos Parecis (Parecis plateau), in the state of Mato Grosso, in western Brazil (Figure 1A and B). The upper Juruena basin, located in the southern part of an ecotone between the Amazon and Cerrado regions, comprises a mosaic of natural and anthropogenic habitats (Souza and Martini 2000) such as: typical and dense savannas ( cerrado sensu stricto and cerradão); gallery forests ( mata de galeria and mata ciliar ); flooded forests; and small patches of marshes of flooded grasslands with scattered shrubs and Moriche Palms Mauritia flexuosa ( vegetação aluvial herbáceo-arbustiva ) along rivers. Anthropogenic habitats include extensive and mechanized plantations of soybean, corn, sugarcane and cotton.…”

Pineapple Among the Indigenous Nambikwara: Early Twentieth Century Photographic Documentation from Central Brazil

“…In recent decades, large areas of territory previously covered by savannahs have been replaced by pastures with exotic grasses and monoculture of grains and sugar cane, causing great loss to native flora and fauna (VanWey et al 2013). The Indigenous peoples that traditionally exist in the cerrados, such as the Nambikwara, also suffer pressure from the farms that surround their lands, even though their reserves are legally demarcated (Souza and Martini 2000). For example, the threat posed to human health by pesticides and fertilizers used on farms, often carried by the wind or leachate to the headwaters of rivers after the rains, is continuous (Hunke et al 2015;Schwartzman et al 2013).…”