Análise da comercialização de energia elétrica cogerada pelo setor sucroalcooleiro no estado de São Paulo

Abstract

Summary -On 2001, Brazil went through an unprecedentedly crisis of energy supply it coincided with restructuration of brazilian electrical sector, that allowed energy own-producers, such as sugar-alcohol sector to commercialize the excess obtained from cogeneration process, that on spite of high potential commercialization it is not being appropriately used. This work characterized cogenerated energy market and analyze the problems in cogenerated energy commercialization, considering transactional and economical costs by sugar-alcohol sector and distributing energy industries. For information collection semi-structured interviews were carried out involving the responsible by the cogeneration area of mills and the distributing energy industries. These interviews consisted of predermined questions that were aplicated in the manner and sequence for all those interviewed to assure comparison of results. The interviews were recorded, transcripted and analyzed through the content analysis. The results indicated that long-term business contract could be stablished, but transactional and economical costs between dealers can overcome the benefits of cogenerated electrical energy commercialization leading the dealers to act preferentialley on spot market.

Transaction Costs of Low-Carbon Technologies and Policies: The Diverging Literature

“…The authors found four critical aspects that explain potential sources of TCs with long-term contracts: high volatility and price risk of green certificates within small certificate market, risks on green certificates being added to the wholesale electricity price, intermittence of REe generation, and regulatory risks arising from the reformulation of the regulatory framework. A similar source of TCs is found in Nagaoka (2002), who identifies contract negotiation costs given the institutional and political context of the electricity reform.…”

“…However, it was found some rent-seeking behaviour on behalf of electricity suppliers because a significant amount of money paid by electricity end users did not reach electricity producers. For further details see Kåberger et al (2004) and Bergek and Jacobsson, (2010) between agents on the electricity market gives raise to costs and concerns about the possibility to meet them (Nagaoka, 2002).…”

Avaliação De Alternativas De Colheita Sob Perspectiva De Cogeração Através De Programação Linear Inteira Mista

“…Desde a reforma do setor elétrico brasileiro, em que o setor privado pôde participar de investimentos e operações na produção de energia, a cogeração passou a ser uma opção viável tecnicamente para a indústria, em particular, para o setor sucroalcooleiro (NAGAOKA et al, 2003). Concomitantemente, existe uma pressão e estímulo para o aumento da participação de fontes renováveis na matriz energética, o que torna a produção de energia por biomassa ainda mais atrativa.…”

Análise de custos na geração de energia com bagaço de cana-de-açúcar: um estudo de caso em quatro usinas em São Paulo

“…Em estudo sobre o potencial energético da cana-de-açúcar, Ripolli (2004) Para Nagaoka (2002), a reforma do setor elétrico brasileiro teve o objetivo de permitir ao governo concentrar-se em suas funções de elaboração de políticas energéticas e de regulamentação do setor, transferindo ao setor privado as responsabilidades sobre a operação do sistema elétrico e de novos investimentos, propiciando a comercialização da eletricidade cogerada pelo setor sucroalcooleiro. Desta forma, o autor espera uma maior participação da cogeração na matriz energética brasileira.…”