Impact of a virtual reality-based intervention on motor performance and balance of a child with cerebral palsy: a case study

Pavão, Sílvia Leticia; Arnoni, Joice Luiza Bruno; Oliveira, Alyne Kalyane Câmara de; Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira

doi:10.1590/s0103-05822014000400016

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Other applications of this device are in the area of agronomy, education, cartography, and robotics [ 36 , 37 ]. Studies utilizing virtual reality (VR) systems for improving the functional skills of the upper limbs have shown the Kinect platform to be a promising rehabilitation tool for CP treatments [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. In this context, Microsoft Kinect v2 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) is an RGB-D depth sensor that uses a grid of infrared light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Limb Movement Measurement Systems for Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Literature Review

Francisco-Martínez¹,

Prado-Olivarez²,

Padilla-Medina³

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Quantifying the quality of upper limb movements is fundamental to the therapeutic process of patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Several clinical methods are currently available to assess the upper limb range of motion (ROM) in children with CP. This paper focuses on identifying and describing available techniques for the quantitative assessment of the upper limb active range of motion (AROM) and kinematics in children with CP. Following the screening and exclusion of articles that did not meet the selection criteria, we analyzed 14 studies involving objective upper extremity assessments of the AROM and kinematics using optoelectronic devices, wearable sensors, and low-cost Kinect sensors in children with CP aged 4–18 years. An increase in the motor function of the upper extremity and an improvement in most of the daily tasks reviewed were reported. In the population of this study, the potential of wearable sensors and the Kinect sensor natural user interface as complementary devices for the quantitative evaluation of the upper extremity was evident. The Kinect sensor is a clinical assessment tool with a unique markerless motion capture system. Few authors had described the kinematic models and algorithms used to estimate their kinematic analysis in detail. However, the kinematic models in these studies varied from 4 to 10 segments. In addition, few authors had followed the joint assessment recommendations proposed by the International Society of Biomechanics (ISB). This review showed that three-dimensional analysis systems were used primarily for monitoring and evaluating spatiotemporal variables and kinematic parameters of upper limb movements. The results indicated that optoelectronic devices were the most commonly used systems. The joint assessment recommendations proposed by the ISB should be used because they are approved standards for human kinematic assessments. This review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021257211).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Limb Movement Measurement Systems for Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Literature Review

Francisco-Martínez¹,

Prado-Olivarez²,

Padilla-Medina³

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…Unilateral spastic CP, or hemiplegia, is the most common subtype, representing 35-40% of new diagnoses (4,5). Children with hemiplegia have motor, cognitive, sensory and perceptual challenges that limit postural control and activities of daily living, reducing functional independence (6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Assisting children to learn new motor skills, improve existing skills, and transfer skills to enhanced function in the real world is a primary goal of rehabilitation (11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Variability During Motor Learning of a New Balance Task in a Non-immersive Virtual Environment in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Peers

2021

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Background: Motor impairments contribute to performance variability in children with cerebral palsy (CP) during motor skill learning. Non-immersive virtual environments (VEs) are popular interventions to promote motor learning in children with hemiplegic CP. Greater understanding of performance variability as compared to typically developing (TD) peers during motor learning in VEs may inform clinical decisions about practice dose and challenge progression.Purpose: (1) To quantify within-child (i.e., across different timepoints) and between-child (i.e., between children at the same timepoint) variability in motor skill acquisition, retention and transfer in a non-immersive VE in children with CP as compared to TD children; and (2) To explore the relationship between the amount of within-child variability during skill acquisition and learning outcomes.Methods: Secondary data analysis of 2 studies in which 13 children with hemiplegic CP and 67 TD children aged 7–14 years undertook repeated trials of a novel standing postural control task in acquisition, retention and transfer sessions. Changes in performance across trials and sessions in children with CP as compared to TD children and between younger (7–10 years) and older (11–14 years) children were assessed using mixed effects models. Raw scores were converted to z-scores to meet model distributional assumptions. Performance variability was quantified as the standard deviation of z-scores.Results: TD children outperformed children with CP and older children outperformed younger children at each session. Older children with CP had the least between-child variability in acquisition and the most in retention, while older TD children demonstrated the opposite pattern. Younger children with CP had consistently high between-child variability, with no difference between sessions. Within-child variability was highest in younger children, regardless of group. Within-child variability was more pronounced in TD children as compared to children with CP. The relationship between the amount of within-child variability in performance and performance outcome at acquisition, retention and transfer sessions was task-specific, with a positive correlation for 1 study and a negative correlation in the other.Conclusions: Findings, though preliminary and limited by small sample size, can inform subsequent research to explore VE-specific causes of performance variability, including differing movement execution requirements and individual characteristics such as motivation, attention and visuospatial abilities.

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“…A case study developed by Peacock et al [19], in which virtual reality has been used as an intervention for a child with cerebral palsy; it was found that there were gains on the motor performance, functional balance and mobility of this child based in Motor Development Scale (MDS) with gains in all areas evaluated, except in spatial organization. There was also an increase in the child's scores on the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) reaching maximum score after the intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Analysis of Children with Down Syndrome using the Xbox 360® Console

Brito¹,

Alves-Rodrigues²,

Dionísio³

et al. 2017

Pediatr Ther

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Down syndrome is characterized by a delay in the development of motor function. Games with interactive technology are shown as a new type of therapy that assists motor learning and postural control. Objective:To evaluate the variables of gross motor coordination, balance and postural reaction of children with Down syndrome during the performance of virtual games through the X-Box 360® console. Methodology:The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Human Beings (795,905). Nine children with Down syndrome based on inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. After signing the consent form Clarified, general data were collected from children such as anthropometry, vital data, among others. After this procedure the children were directed to a room and positioned within a rectangle demarcated to execute the games, being disregarded the actions when the child leaves the rectangle. The "leaks" and "rapids" games of X-Box 360® were selected, where children should play at the levels, basic, intermediate and advanced. After this procedure the variables gross motor coordination, balance and postural reaction were qualitatively analysed by the images captured from three cameras arranged in the place.Results: Parametric Student's T test (<0.05) and the Kruskal Walls test was used. When comparing the variables coordination, balance and postural reaction, there was significant difference between coordination and balance (t: 3.11, p: 0.04) and coordination and postural reaction (t3, 17, p: 0.04), identifying greater difficulty in gross motor coordination of children during the Xbox games. Regarding difficulty levels, there was no significant difference. Conclusion:We suggest that children with Down syndrome present difficulties of gross motor coordination when compared to the balance and postural reaction during the execution of virtual games by the independent X-box in the difficulty level of the games.

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Impact of a virtual reality-based intervention on motor performance and balance of a child with cerebral palsy: a case study

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Upper Limb Movement Measurement Systems for Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Literature Review

Upper Limb Movement Measurement Systems for Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Literature Review

Performance Variability During Motor Learning of a New Balance Task in a Non-immersive Virtual Environment in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Peers

Qualitative Analysis of Children with Down Syndrome using the Xbox 360® Console

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