Metformin attenuated the inflammation after renal ischemia/reperfusion and suppressed apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cell in rats

Abstract

PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of metformin on renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammation after kidney ischemia/ reperfusion in rats. METHODS:Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham (S), Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and Metformin (E).Before establishing the I/R model, group E was administered metformin for three days, while groups S and I/R were administered equal volumes of saline. After three days, a right nephrectomy was performed on all groups, after which the left kidneys of groups E and I/R rats were subjected to 45 min renal ischemia. Renal function, histology, and cell apoptosis were assessed. AMPK, pAMPK, COX-2, and Caspase 3 were also detected. RESULTS:Compared to I/R group, Caspase 3 and COX-2 levels were decreased in group E. COX-2, Caspase3 and pAMPK levels were higher in groups E and I/R than in group S. The pAMPK level of group E was higher than that of I/R group, while COX-2 and caspase 3 were lower in group E than they were in the other groups. There was no significant difference between E and I/R groups in AMPK levels. CONCLUSION:Metformin preconditioning attenuated the inflammation caused by ischemia/reperfusion and inhibited the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells.

Protective effect of metformin on testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

“…It has been confirmed that metformin relieves inflammatory responses following cardiac ischemia and protects cardiac function 11 . Wang et al 12 found that low doses of metformin may attenuate renal I/R injury by increasing the energy supply to the ischemic tissue and reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. To our knowledge, no study has investigated the role of metformin in testicular I/R injury.…”

What is the protective effect of metformin on rat ovary against ischemia‐reperfusion injury?

“…Asghari et al showed that metformin had protective effects on testicular IRI in rats . Moreover, in a renal IRI rat model study, Wang et al reported that metformin reduced inflammation via the increased expressions of interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, transforming growth factor‐β1, and vimentin and loss of E‐cadherin, while it blocked the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells . Using a comparable method to these IRI rat models, we investigated the protective effects of metformin on the ovarian tissue of rats.…”

“…In their animal study, Dai et al observed the effective reduction of oxidative liver damage with metformin . Metformin has also been investigated for its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties in certain IRI . Asghari et al showed that metformin had protective effects on testicular IRI in rats .…”

“…34 Metformin has also been investigated for its antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties in certain IRI. 18,35,36 Asghari et al showed that metformin had protective effects on testicular IRI in rats. 18 Moreover, in a renal IRI rat model study, Wang et al reported that metformin reduced inflammation via the increased expressions of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β1, and vimentin and loss of E-cadherin, while it blocked the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells.…”

“…18 Moreover, in a renal IRI rat model study, Wang et al reported that metformin reduced inflammation via the increased expressions of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β1, and vimentin and loss of E-cadherin, while it blocked the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. 36 Using a comparable method to these IRI rat models, we investigated the protective effects of metformin on the ovarian tissue of rats. Our results demonstrated that high-dose administration of metformin especially ameliorated tissue damage scores, as detected by histopathology, and tissue oxidant/antioxidant status and apoptosis levels, as detected by biochemistry.…”