Filling of extraction sockets of feline maxillary canine teeth with autogenous bone or bioactive glass

Abstract

PURPOSE:To evaluate bone healing in the extraction socket of the feline maxillary canine tooth after grafting. METHODS:Eighteen adult cats were submitted to unilateral extraction of maxillary canine tooth and divided into three groups.In group 1 (n=6), control, the extraction socket was left empty. In group 2 (n=6), the extraction socket was filled with autogenous cancellous bone from the iliac crest and in group 3 (n=6), with bioactive glass particulate material. Cats were euthanized at four weeks postoperative. RESULTS:The radiographic examinations performed four weeks after surgery showed that in all groups the healing process converged to a radiopacity similar to that observed in the surrounding bones. Histological examination showed formation of woven bone within the extraction socket. The percentage of newly formed bone within the extraction socket, measured by the histometry, showed no statistically significant difference among the values of the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis'test p>0.05) (group 1: 63.96 ± 5.85, group 2: 66.84 ± 11.67, group 3: 59.28 ± 15.50). CONCLUSION:The bone regeneration observed in the extraction sockets filled with autogenous cancellous bone or bioactive glass was similar to that observed in the control sites, given an observation period of four weeks after extraction of the maxillary canine tooth.

Effectiveness of a Nanohydroxyapatite-Based Hydrogel on Alveolar Bone Regeneration in Post-Extraction Sockets of Dogs with Naturally Occurring Periodontitis

“…Normally, the process of alveolar socket healing has been initiated once the dental extraction was performed [45,46], and the phase of bone healing in this area has been the same as the other bone healing processes, including the hematoma inflammation phase, repair phase, and remodeling phase. The evaluation of alveolar socket radiodensity under radiography is one of the common techniques used to practically assess alveolar bone healing in the clinical field [37,47]. A study in human dentistry reported that the radiodensity of new bone formation in the socket began to increase at 38 days, and increased until the radiodensity was equal to the bone surrounding the socket at the 105th day or 3 months after extraction [48].…”

“…The radiographic findings of postextraction socket preservation in the weeks of the follow-up were described. Moreover, these criteria, which were adapted from previous studies [36][37][38], and which included characteristics of the surgical site margin, as seen in Figure 2 (Criteria A), and characteristics of alveolar new bone formation, as seen in Figure 3 (Criteria B), were applied for post-extraction socket grading. Two of the three examiners had to agree before each socket grade was accepted in order to prevent bias from radiographic evaluation.…”

Applied Feline Oral Anatomy and Tooth Extraction Techniques

“…9 Autogenous bone (cancellous bone and cortical bone chips) as well as allograft- based (demineralized bone of the same species) and ceramic-based (calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate and bioglass) bone graft substitutes are most commonly used in veterinary dentistry, although they are not routinely needed in extraction sites. 12,13 Gauze swabs (size 3 x 3 inches, 7.5 x 7.5 cm) allow digital control of hemorrhage during tooth extraction procedures. Lavage with refrigerated lactated Ringer ‘s solution may also provide good hemostasis.…”

Topical combined application of dexamethasone, vitamin C, and β-sodium glycerophosphate for healing the extraction socket in rabbits

“…[3][4][5][6][7] However, each of these has its limitations, including problems of supply, complex operational procedures, the risk of crosscontamination, and high costs. 8,9,4 Furthermore, there are no clear guidelines supported by scientific evidence to indicate the type of biomaterial that should be used.…”