Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy: changes on renal function of healthy dogs

Abstract

PURPOSE:To evaluate the renal function in healthy dogs submitted to nonselective and preferential COX-2 nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy. METHODS:Twenty four healthy dogs were distributed into four groups (G) (n=6): ketoprofenG -treated with ketoprofen; nimesulideG -treated with nimesulid; meloxicanG -treated with meloxican; and etodolacG -treated with etodolaco. All the dogs received the NSAIDs for 10 days by oral route. Physical examination and renal function (urinalysis, urinary sodium and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), serum urea, creatinine, potassium and sodium, and endogenous creatinine clearance) were evaluated before, after five and ten days (T0, T5 and T10) of the treatment in all groups. RESULTS:Changes were observed in urinalysis, with a significant increase in renal cells in the urine at T5 and T10 in nimesulideG.Significant reduction in urinary sodium in nimesulideG at T5 was observed. The clearance values were lower in ketoprofenG at T10. CONCLUSIONS:Meloxicam and etodolac were the drugs that have proven to be safer for short-term therapy in healthy dogs in relation to renal function. NSAIDs ketoprofen and nimesulide should be used judiciously in dogs with renal dysfunction, since there are promoted changes in renal function.

Adverse effects induced by diclofenac, ibuprofen, and paracetamol toxicity on immunological and biochemical parameters in Swiss albino mice

“…The results obtained herein revealed that, Diclo, Ibu, and Para administration for 1 month had no significant alternations in renal function (levels of urea and creatinine). In agreement with the present data, Qi et al (2008) and Borges et al (2013) reported that NSAIDs have a slight risk and effect on renal function and blood pressure in healthy humans and the incidence of hypertensive difficulties prompted by NSAIDs in patients may be associated with the degree and the selectivity of suppression of COX-2 in the kidney. And there were no significant variations relative to renal markers; however, negligible fluctuations in renal function were observed in ketoprofen and nimesulide groups, despite the normal clinical conditions of the studied dogs and the short time of therapy.…”

Preclinical evaluation of anti-Helicobacter spp. activity of Hippocratea celastroides Kunth and its acute and sub-acute toxicity

“…Figure 3 shows the values for urea, creatinine, AST and ALT with non-significant difference in each media between both groups. The normal ranges for biochemical parameters in the literature reported for dogs are: AST 12–60 U/L [38, 39], ALT 10–100 U/L [39, 40], urea 21–60 mg/dL [41] and creatinine 0.5–1.6 mg/dl [41]. According to these data, our results show values out of the normal range in three dogs from the experimental group and four dogs from the control group; however, no clinical significance was evident, so the dogs did not require additional treatment and were observed for future alterations.…”

Urinary biomarkers of renal function in dogs and cats: a review

“…The increase in uNAG was significantly higher in CKD dogs ) and dogs with pyelonephritis, whereas in dogs with uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) uNAG was normal (Sato et al 2002b). Activity of uNAG may be used for evaluation of the renal function of dogs submitted to therapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Borges et al 2013).…”

“…Reported disorders associated with increased values of uGGT are shown in Table 1. Urinary GGT activity has great potential in safety assessment studies (Narita et al 2007;Borges et al 2013) Nevertheless, Crivellenti et al (2014) reported false positive results of urinary GGT measurement in dogs poisoned by a non-nephrotoxic agent (Nerium oleander).…”