Evaluation by computerized morphometry of histopathological alterations of the colon wall in segments with and without intestinal transit in rats

Sousa, Marcos Vieira de; Priolli, Denise Gonçalves; Portes, Adriana Valim; Cardinalli, Izilda Aparecida; Pereira, José Aires

doi:10.1590/s0102-86502008000500005

Cited by 23 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…This could perhaps explain the increased expression of sialomucins during the first weeks that those authors found. This possibility is likely to be more common than is supposed 31 . In the present study, when we performed mechanical cleaning of the distal colon before the intestinal diversion, we observed that formed feces came out through the anus of all of the animals in the experimental group 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Studies using biochemical, histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques have demonstrated that, in the different forms of colitis, abnormalities occur not only in the tissue content but also in the expression pattern of mucins along the crypts of the colon mucosa 21,22,[30][31][32][33] . These findings have made it attractive to hypothesize that the etiopathogenesis of ulcerative colitis might be related to changes in mucin production in individuals with predisposing factors, or to changes caused by intraluminal factors 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification by computerized morphometry of tissue levels of sulfomucins and sialomucins in diversion colitis in rats

et al. 2010

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PURPOSE: To quantify the intensity of sulfomucin and sialomucin expression in the colon mucosa, by means of computer-assisted image processing, comparing segments with and without fecal stream and correlating with the duration of fecal transit exclusion. METHODS: Forty-five Wistar rats were subjected to diversion of the fecal stream in the left colon by means of constructing a proximal colostomy and distal mucosal fistula. They were distributed randomly into three experimental groups of 15 animals, of which 10 were subjected to colon diversion (experimental subgroup) and five were only subjected to laparotomy, without colon diversion (control subgroup). The three experimental groups were formed according to the sacrifice date, which was to be performed six weeks after the surgical procedure (Group A), 12 weeks (Group B) and 18 weeks (Group C). The sulfomucin and sialomucin expression in the colon mucosa was evaluated using the histochemical technique of high iron diamine-alcian blue (HID-AB). The tissue expression was quantified for each animal, in the segments with and without fecal stream, at a location where there were four complete contiguous crypts in two random fields, with the aid of the computer-assisted image analysis software. The final value was taken to be the mean reading from the two fields selected, in the segments with and without fecal stream. To compare the expressions of the two mucin subtypes in the segments with and without fecal stream, the paired Student t test was used. To analyze variance according to duration of exclusion, ANOVA with the Newman-Keuls post-test was used, setting the significance level at 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: There were significant reductions in tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content in the colon without fecal stream, independent of the duration of exclusion considered. There was increased tissue sulfomucin content and decreased tissue sialomucin in the segments without fecal stream, with increasing duration of exclusion. CONCLUSIONS: Diversion of the fecal transit decreased the tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content in the segments without fecal stream. Notwithstanding the reduction in the levels of both subtypes of acid mucin in the segments without fecal stream, there was increased tissue sulfomucin content and decreased tissue sialomucin with increasing duration of intestinal diversion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification by computerized morphometry of tissue levels of sulfomucins and sialomucins in diversion colitis in rats

et al. 2010

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that the increased OFRs production by epithelial cells with deficient SCFAs supply and the recognized deficiency of colonic mucosa in antioxidant enzymatic systems, which makes the intestinal epithelium particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress, are mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of DC 20,27 . Studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress reduces the production of mucins that cover the epithelium, promotes peroxidation of phospholipids that constitute the cytoplasmic membrane of colonocytes and breaks the intercellular connections and the basement membrane, the main components of the colonic mucosal defense systems [22][23][24][25][26] . Rupture of this defense system allows the migration of intestinal lumen bacteria into the sterile layers of colon wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting oxidative stress causes histological and biochemical alterations similar to those found in experimental models of chemically induced colitis or human colitis. The oxidative stress causes alterations in the colonic mucosa that aggravate according to the time of diversion [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] . Based on these evidences, the use of substances with antioxidant activity was suggested to be effective in the prevention and treatment of this disease 20,27 .The benefits of these substances in the treatment of DC were recently confirmed with the application of enemas with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), a powerful antioxidant, was demonstrated to reduce the levels of tissue oxidative stress and improve the inflammatory process in the mucosa without fecal stream, even after the ex-vivo exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of topical n-acetylcysteine in diversion colitis

Almeida¹,

Pereira²,

Silva³

et al. 2012

J. Coloproctol. (Rio J.)

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Introduction: Diversion colitis (DC) is a benign condition characterized by the appearance of inflammation in the mucosa of the colon or rectum devoid of fecal stream. Oxidative stress has been associated with the etiopathogenesis of the disease. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a substance with antioxidant properties, used in different treatments of inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of topical applications of NAC in an experimental model of DC. Methods: Thirty-six Wistar rats were submitted to deviation of fecal stream by proximal colostomy and a distal mucosal fistula. They were distributed into 3 experimental groups of 12 animals according to the daily application of enemas containing 0.9% saline or 2 doses of NAC, 25 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively. In each group, half of the animals were sacrificed after two weeks of irrigation and half after four weeks of irrigation. The diagnosis of colitis was assessed by histopathological analysis and the grade of inflammation by inflammatory grading scale. The results were evaluated with the Mann-Whitney test, adopting significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: Daily enema of NAC improved the inflammatory alterations in colon without fecal stream. In colonic segments without fecal stream, the inflammatory score was significantly lower in the animals treated with 100mg/kg, compared with those treated with saline solution or 25 mg/kg of NAC, regardless of the duration of intervention (p<0.05). The inflammatory score in colon segments without fecal stream was significantly lower in the animals treated with both concentration of NAC, compared with those treated with saline, regardless of the concentration and duration of irrigation (p<0.01). Conclusions: Enemas containing NAC improve the inflammatory process and constitute a beneficial tool in the treatment of DC.Keywords: acetylcysteine; colon; colitis; fatty acids, volatile; histology; rats. RESUMO: Introdução:Colite de exclusão (CE) é uma condição benigna caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de inflamação na mucosa do cólon desprovida de trânsito fecal. O estresse oxidativo tem sido implicado na patogênese da doença. A n-acetilcisteína (NAC) é uma substân-cia com efeitos antioxidantes, sendo utilizada no tratamento de várias doenças inflamatórias. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da aplicação tópica de NAC em modelo de CE. Método: Trinta e seis ratos Wistar foram submetidos ao desvio do trânsito por meio de colostomia proximal e fístula mucosa distal. Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos experimentais de igual tamanho segundo a aplicação de enemas diários contendo soro fisiológico 0,9% ou NAC nas concentrações de 25 mg/kg ou 100 mg/kg. Em cada grupo, metade dos animais foi sacrificada após duas ou quatro semanas de irrigação. O diagnóstico de CE foi feito por estudo histopatológico e a graduação por escala inflamatória. Na avaliação dos resultados, utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Withney, adotando-se nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: A aplicação intrarretal...

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“…Histomorphometric analysis enables objective and quantifiable assessment of the organs' structure [30]. Fractal dimension is a parameter which reflects the complexity and irregularity of studied organs [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of morphometric and fractal parameters to assess the effects of 5-fluorouracil, interferon and dexamethasone treatment on colonic anastomosis healing: an experimental study in rats

Łętowska-Andrzejewicz¹,

Torres²,

Torres³

et al. 2011

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Adjuvant chemotherapy and steroid therapy have been demonstrated to interfere with the wound healing process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 5-fluorouracil, interferon, and dexamethasone, on the healing of colon anastomosis by assessing morphometric and fractal parameters of the colonic wall. An experimental anastomosis of the ascending colon was performed in 60 male Wistar rats, which were then randomly assigned to four groups. On the second to sixth post-operative days, the rats were administered 5-fluorouracil, interferon-a, dexamethasone, or 0.9% NaCl solution as a control. Macroscopic, histomorphometric and microbiological evaluation was performed in order to assess healing of the anastomosis. In three animals from the dexamethasone group, there was leakage of anastomosis; adhesion formation was highest in the interferon group, and significantly higher than in the control and 5-fluorouracil groups. Histomorphometric parameter alterations were most pronounced on the seventh and fourteenth post-operative days in all treatment groups, with submucosal thickness the most affected parameter. Connective tissue fractal dimension was significantly decreased in those animals treated with interferon and dexamethasone. All three pharmaceutical agents impaired healing of anastomosis, and promoted infection in the anastomosis and skin wound sites. As dexamethasone induced both morphometric and macroscopic alterations, it was considered the most detrimental in this study.

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Evaluation by computerized morphometry of histopathological alterations of the colon wall in segments with and without intestinal transit in rats

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Quantification by computerized morphometry of tissue levels of sulfomucins and sialomucins in diversion colitis in rats

Quantification by computerized morphometry of tissue levels of sulfomucins and sialomucins in diversion colitis in rats

Evaluation of topical n-acetylcysteine in diversion colitis

The use of morphometric and fractal parameters to assess the effects of 5-fluorouracil, interferon and dexamethasone treatment on colonic anastomosis healing: an experimental study in rats

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