Cervical esophagostomy using indwelling catheter for analysis of gastric physiology in dogs

Abstract

Purpose:To describe the technique of cervical esophagostomy with indwelling catheter for the collection of secretions and study of gastric emptying. Methods: Esophagostomy was performed in 14 dogs, and a tube was introduced into the animals' stomachs and maintained pervious for eight weeks. The technique consisted of opening the left lateral surface of the neck for insertion of the tube, with the aid of a Mixter forceps, and the subsequent subcutaneous tunneling and exteriorization of the catheter on the dorsum of the animals. Results: Successful use of the tube and its total permeability were observed in 13 animals (92.8%). In one animal, the tube was obstructed by hair, and it was replaced. Formation of a small abscess occurred in 3 animals (21.4%), followed by spontaneous drainage. No accidents occurred, and the bleeding was minimal. No deaths were registered. Conclusion: The described technique can be used in similar researches, as well as for animal feeding in investigations of the upper digestive tract, after esophageal resection and in major neck surgeries. Key words: Esophagostomy. Digestive physiology. Dogs. RESUMOObjetivo: Descrição da técnica de esofagostomia cervical em cães com cateter de demora, para coleta de secreções e estudo de esvaziamento gástrico. Métodos: A esofagostomia foi realizada em 14 animais, e os catéteres foram introduzidos até o estômago e mantidos pérveos durante oito semanas. A técnica consistiu de abertura na região lateral esquerda do pescoço para introdução do catéter, com auxilio de uma pinça tipo Mixter e a sua posterior tunelização no subcutâneo, com exteriorização na face posterior do dorso. Resultados: A permeabilidade total e a utlização do catéter foi possível em 13 animais (92,8%), sendo que em um animal a obstrução foi devido acúmulo de pelos no seu interior e o cateter foi substituído. Em 3 animais (21,4%) houve a formação de pequeno abscesso na região cervical inferior, no local da primeira incisão, os quais drenaram espontaneamente. Não ocorreu nenhum acidente e o sangramento foi mínimo. Não houve mortalidade. Conclusão: A técnica descrita pode ser utilizada tanto em pesquisas semelhantes, como para alimentação de animais em experimentos do trato digestivo alto ou mesmo após operações de ressecção do esôfago e em grandes cirurgias no pescoço.

Effect of sequestering agents based on a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product and clay on the ruminal bacterial community of lactating dairy cows challenged with dietary aflatoxin B1

“…Multiple samplings from the rumen rather than the single sampling used in this study may have shown effects of aflatoxin on ruminal fermentation. That approach would require cannulated animals, which could increase the risk of toxin contamination, or would require repeated stomach tubing or rumenocentesis, which could stress the cow (Cavalcanti et al, 2005) and perhaps modify the microbiome. The lack of a treatment effect on measured ruminal fermentation indices suggests that the increases in milk yield in our companion study (Jiang et al, 2018) may have been mediated by factors that were not measured, such as ruminal microbial protein synthesis, or postruminal effects, such as increased nutrient supply to the duodenum.…”