Antitumorigenicity of xanthones-rich extract from Garcinia mangostana fruit rinds on HCT 116 human colorectal carcinoma cells

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the antitumorigenicity of xanthones-rich extract from Garcinia mangostana L., Clusiaceae, fruit rinds which was obtained by a simple recrystallization of 75% ethanolic extract. α-Mangostin content of the extract was determined qualitatively by TLC and quantitatively by HPLC, and total xanthones content was quantified by UV spectrophotometry. The extract was evaluated for cytotoxicity, apoptosis and antitumorigenicity on HCT 116 human colorectal carcinoma cells. α-Mangostin was found to be the main constituent of the extract which was 71.2±0.1%, and the total xanthones content was 95±4.8% (wt/ wt). The extract showed potent dose dependent cytotoxicity with IC50 value 9.2 µg/ mL. Apoptosis studies revealed activation of caspases 3 and 7, DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Studies on cell migration and colony formation indicate reduced cell migration ability and clonogenicity of treated HCT 116 cells at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Taken together, the cytotoxic effect of the xanthones extract is mediated through the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. The reduced cell migration and clonogenicity of HCT 116 cells might prevent both primary and metastatic tumor growth in vivo which will be the topic of our future work using the metastatic orthotopic colon cancer model.

A dye sensitized solar cell using natural counter electrode and natural dye derived from mangosteen peel waste

“…In this case, chlorophyll peak disappeared because there was little chlorophyll on TiO 2 . Furthermore, a peak for α-mangostin was observed at around 350–370 nm 30 32 whilst anthocyanin derivative peaks were identified at ∼440–460 nm 22 and 530–550 nm 31 . The α-mangostin and anthocyanin derivatives ( Fig.…”

“…A transparent yellow dye solution was obtained after filtration. The main components in the mangosteen peel extract were α-mangostin and anthocyanin derivatives 22 28 29 30 . The presence of these derivatives was revealed through their light absorption characteristics derived from UV-vis spectra.…”

Garcinia dulcisFruit Extract Induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in HepG2 Liver Cancer Cell Line

“…In addition to that, Mangostin (a type of xanthone compound) is also found in ripe fruit of G. dulcis where the exact compound can also be found in the pericarp of G. mangostana especially α -mangostin and γ -mangostin. Consumption of mangosteen pericarp extract (81% α -mangostin and 16% of γ -mangostin) in ratio of 0.25% and 0.5% extract to food dosage in daily diet has been reported to inhibit tumor growth in HCT116 (human colorectal carcinoma) and reduce blood vessels in tumor towards Athymic NCr nu/nu mice [ 20 ]. Previous literature reported the occurrence of at least 24 compounds that have been identified in G. dulcis such as Dulcisflavan, Dulcisxanthone B, (-) epicatechin [ 11 ], and kaempferol (kaempferol 3,7-di- O - α -rhamnopyranoside) [ 21 ].…”

α-Mangostin Enhances Betulinic Acid Cytotoxicity and Inhibits Cisplatin Cytotoxicity on HCT 116 Colorectal Carcinoma Cells

“…Rhodamine 123 and Hoechst 33258 were used as probes to study the effect on mitochondrial membrane potential and chromatin condensation [39,40]. Briefly, HCT 116 cells were treated with α-mangostin, BA, or their combinations for 16 h. Subsequently, cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min, simultaneously stained with rhodamine 123 at 1 µg/mL and Hoechst 33258 at 10 µg/mL for 20 min, washed extensively with PBS, and examined immediately under the red filter (rhodamine 123) and the blue filter (Hoechst 33258) of a EVOS ® digital fluorescent inverted microscope (Advanced Microscopy Group, Bothell, WA, USA).…”