Chemical composition of the fractions of leaf oil of Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm. and antimicrobial activity

Abstract

M. Sm., extraído por hidrodestilação, foi analisado por CG/DIC e CG/EM a fim de se determinar sua composição e atividade antimicrobiana. O óleo apresentou um elevado teor de monoterpenos oxigenados (52,5%): terpinen-4-ol, 1,8-cineol e γ-terpineno como principais constituintes. A atividade antimicrobiana do óleo foi analisada pelos testes de difusão em agar e ensaios de bioautografia. Através do teste de difusão em agar, todas as bactérias e fungos testados foram inibidos pelo óleo essencial. Placas preparativas de CCD (cromatografia em camada fina) foram eluídas em hexano: acetato de etila (70:20, v/v), e o óleo foi separado em três frações que foram raspadas, extraídas da sílica e identificadas por CG/EM. A análise bioautográfica permitiu detectar pronunciada inibição de Cryptococcus neoformans pelas frações F2 e F3, ambas ricas em monoterpenos oxigenados. A fração F2 apresentou 1,8 cineol (9,6%), linalol (3,7%) e óxido de cariofileno (5,4%), enquanto a fração F3 mostrou principalmente terpinen-4-ol (43,6%) e cerca de 32,7% de sesquiterpenos oxigenados. Os dados obtidos indicam os componentes do óleo de A. zerumbet envolvidos na atividade antimicrobiana.Unitermos: óleo essencial, análise bioautográfica, Alpinia zerumbet, planta medicinal, Zingiberaceae. ABSTRACT:Leaf oil prepared by hydrodistillation of Alpinia zerumbet Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm. was analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS to determine the major compounds and it was also evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The oil presented a high content of oxygenated monoterpenes (52.5%), terpinen-4-ol, 1,8 cineole and γ-terpinene as the major constituents. The antimicrobial activity of leaf oil was tested by drop diffusion and bioauthography methods. Through drop test, all bacteria and fungi tested were inhibited by leaf oil. Preparative TLC (thin-layer chromatography) plates were developed using the mobile phase hexane : ethyl acetate (70:20, v/v) and fractions of the leaf oil were separated in three zones, scraped, extracted from silica and identified by GC/MS. The bioauthography method permitted to verify pronounced inhibition of Cryptococcus neoformans by fractions F2 and F3, both rich in oxygenated monoterpenes. The fraction F2 comprised 1,8 cineole (9.6%), linalool (3.7%) and caryophyllene oxide (5.4%), while fraction F3 showed mainly terpinen-4-ol (43.6%) and an amount of 32.7% oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The obtained data may be used to suggest the constituents of A. zerumbet leaf oil involved in antimicrobial activity.

In vitro effects of Coriandrum sativum, Tagetes minuta, Alpinia zerumbet and Lantana camara essential oils on Haemonchus contortus

“…T. minuta, from the Asteraceae family, has fungitoxic effects (ROZWALKA et al, 2008), activity against Anopheles stephensi larvae (HADJIAKHOONDI et al, 2005), antibacterial activity (SOUZA et al, 2000) and effect on H. contortus egg and larvae (MACEDO et al, 2012). A. zerumbet, from the Zingiberaceae family, exhibits antioxidant (ELZAAWELY et al, 2007), antibacterial and antifungal activities (VICTÓRIO et al, 2009). C. sativum, belonging to the Umbelliferae family, has antifungal activity (FURLETTI et al, 2011), nematicidal activity against the phytonematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (KIM et al, 2008), and anthelmintic activity on gastrointestinal nematodes (EGUALE et al, 2007).…”

Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Insecticidal Activities of Flowers Essential Oils of Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm. from Martinique Island

“…albicans. Victório et al . evidenced as well the inhibition of the growth of the microorganisms tested by A .…”

Therapeutic value of the genus Alpinia, Zingiberaceae

“…In the essential oil of A. purpurata, α-pinene, β-pinene and 1,8 cineol predominate in leaves and flowers. Sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide are also common among this species (Zoghbi et al, 1999;Joseph et al, 2001;Mallavarapu et al, 2002;Victório et al, 2009e;2009f;2010b).…”

“…The essential oil of A. zerumbet is active against Gram (+) and (-) bacteria, as well as fungi (Lobato et al, 1989;Victório et al, 2009f). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the flowers of A. zerumbet was patented by Morita in 1992.…”