Fatores de risco para problemas de saúde mental na infância/adolescência

Abstract

objetivo de identificar fatores associados a problemas de saúde mental em crianças/adolescentes (PSMCA) em amostra probabilística (N=67, faixa etária 4-17 anos). Foram aplicados instrumentos estruturados às mães: Child Behavior Checklist (PSMCA); WorldSAFE Core Questionnaire (dados sociodemográficos; violência doméstica; embriaguez do pai/padrasto); Self-Report Questionnaire (problemas de saúde mental maternos, ideação suicida materna). Os resultados do estudo apontaram fatores estatisticamente associados aos PSMCA: criança/adolescente ser do sexo masculino e sofrer punição física grave; ideação suicida da mãe e violência conjugal física grave contra a mãe; embriaguez do pai/padrasto. Concluindo, grupos vulneráveis com características individuais/familiares identificadas neste estudo devem ser considerados prioritários em propostas de prevenção/tratamento. Palavras-chave: saúde mental; fatores de risco; criança; adolescente; estudos transversais. Risk Factors for Mental Health Problems in Childhood/Adolescence.ABSTRACT -A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban low-income community in the municipality of Embu-SP with the objective of identifying factors associated with mental health problems of children and adolescents (MHPCA) in a probabilistic sample (N=67, aged 4-17 years). Standardized instruments were applied to mothers: Child Behavior Checklist; WorldSAFE Core Questionnaire (demographics, domestic violence, father/stepfather drunkenness); Self-Report Questionnaire (maternal mental health problems and suicide ideation). The results of this study identified factors statistically related to MPHCA: child/adolescent of male gender and severe physical punishment; maternal suicide ideation and severe physical marital violence; father/stepfather drunkenness. As a result, vulnerable groups with individual/family characteristics identified in this study should have priority in prevention/treatment programs.

Risk factors associated with mental health issues in adolescents: a integrative review

“…Brazilian studies about risk factors for mental health issues with adolescence samples from diverse social levels (31,56) related that the issues at an individual level are important for the development of psychopathologies in this population.…”

“…In the most recent of those (56) , interpersonal issues, dissatisfaction with their body and the need to feel pleasure were identified as risk factors for emotional issues as internalization that are characterized by internal or emotional issues as anxiety and depression, and externalization that can be defined as difficulty to follow social rules or disruptive issues as aggression and rules violation.…”

“…Self-aggression or suicide attempt; suicidal ideation (10,(13)(14)25,56) Sadness/loneliness feelings (10,34,58) Insomnia, fatigue, forgetfulness, irritability, difficulty concentrating and feelings of worthlessness (11)(12) Internalizing and externalizing behaviors (23,25) Aggression/ high levels of anger/interpersonal problems (27) Neurotic disorders (28) Abdominal obesity/ self-image (35) Need to feel pleasure (37) 43.4…”

“…Domestic violence with physical punishment experience (23)(24)31,56) Difficulties with family relationships (parents and siblings) (13,31,61) Parents and friends influence to use drugs (14,56) Low emotional support at home during childhood (15,60) Alcohol abusive parents (47,54) Parents divorce 0, 19)to de tristeza; átricos. (19) Family financial problems (38) Parents with low well-being levels (52) Bad experience of family communication (52) Parents that live with or died of HIV/Aids (60) 26.4…”

Difficulties of familes in caring for children and adolescents with mental disorders: an integrative review

“…Throughout human development, mental health problems have occurred as a result of multiple and varied precursors that include biological, social and psychological aspects, as well as economic and demographic factors such as gender and age, serious threats such as conflicts and disasters, the presence of a severe physical disease, and family environment, although they may occur as a result of the absence of opportunities (2) .…”