Structure and phytogeographic relationships of swamp forests of Southeast Brazil

Kurtz, Bruno Coutinho; Gomes, Jorge Caruzo; Scarano, Fábio Rúbio

doi:10.1590/s0102-33062013000400002

Cited by 27 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This result confirms the claim by Kurtz et al. () that the high environmental heterogeneity found in flooded areas, in the form of differences in topography, flooding intensity, and soil conditions, allows for the establishment of species with different ecological requirements—including generalist species from the neighboring areas of unflooded restinga . We hypothesize that species from herb archetype 1 and woody archetype 10 include real flooding specialists, while other archetypes include flooding opportunists.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Community composition and phylogenetic structure in flooded areas differ significantly from surrounding non‐flooded habitats (Kurtz et al. , Oliveira et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flooding regime was included in both herbaceous and woody models and most archetypes responded to it. Both permanent and seasonally flooded areas are common near the shoreline in topographic depressions between dunes in several parts of eastern South American coastal plains (Kurtz et al 2013). Flooding severely reduces available oxygen to plants aside from reducing soil nutrient content (Marques et al 2015).…”

Section: Environmental Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Common species distribution and environmental determinants in South American coastal plains

Silva

Souza

2018

Ecosphere

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Common species correspond to most of the structure and biomass of ecosystems, but the determinants of their distributions and the extent of their overlap are still a matter of debate. Here, we tested the hypotheses that (1) common herbaceous and woody species do not respond individualistically to environmental factors, but rather form groups of species with similar environmental affinities (archetypes), and (2) if local communities comprised cohesive systems, then archetypes of common species will occupy distinct portions of the coast with little or no overlap. We used a large set of climatic and soil variables in restinga heath vegetation along ~9000 km of eastern South American coastal plains. We used species archetype models, a new statistical approach that clusters species based on their environmental responses. We found five herbaceous species archetypes and 11 woody species archetypes, all responsive significantly although weakly to a mixture of climatic and soil variables. In most cases, there was considerable spatial overlap of different archetypes rather than separation along the coastline. Common species form groups with similar environmental affinities, but that did not respond strongly to environmental factors. This suggests an important role for dispersal in the explanation of heath vegetation floristic variation. Local community composition is influenced by groups of species that are not unique to any region and overlap extensively. Restinga heath vegetation communities seem to be considerably individualistic rather than cohesive systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Community composition and phylogenetic structure in flooded areas differ significantly from surrounding non‐flooded habitats (Kurtz et al. , Oliveira et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Common species distribution and environmental determinants in South American coastal plains

Silva

Souza

2018

Ecosphere

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“…Though its mean species richness is far below other forest ecosystems both in Africa and across the Amazonia (Gentry, 1988;Phillips & Gentry, 1994;Richards, 1996;Ndah et al, 2013), it is similar with other freshwater swamp forests which are taken to be species poor as well (Scarano et al, 1997;Kurtz et al, 2013). While this could be generally attributed to the variations that exist in their abiotic environment, history and biogeography (Orians et al, 1996), it is equally as a result of the environmental constraints associated with the ecosystem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Species Diversity and Structure of an Intact Freshwater Swamp Forest in the Niger Delta

Igu¹

2017

OJF

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Tropical forest ecosystems are generally seen as diverse ecosystems with rich biodiversity. However, how this applies to the freshwater swamp forests (especially in West Africa) is largely unknown. To verify how diverse this ecosystem is and how its structure varies in an intact forest landscape, one hectare forest plots were set up at 8 different points. This was used to collect information on the diversity and structure of the ecosystem. Consistent with the findings from other freshwater swamp forests, the ecosystem was seen to have a low species occurrence which ranged from 4 to 19 (mean value = 11 species) across the forest plots. Its diversity was equally low (mean = 1.66), unlike other tropical forest ecosystems. Stem heights varied as in mature tropical forest ecosystems; with the middle stratum recording the highest proportion of trees (54.63%) and the emergent layer having the least (0.83%). Its basal area, biomass and relative density were similar with other tropical ecosystems and equally had its highest species contribution from Leguminosae as in some other ecosystems as well. The ecosystem was seen to have features and characteristics that were common and similar with other tropical forest ecosystems, apart from its low diversity. Ensuring that effective and appropriate forest-tree species conservation measures are enhanced across the landscape are vital steps to securing the already existing (few) species and preventing species extinction across the ecosystem.

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“…Por lo que, al comparar BTI's y BTA's de la misma región como lo hicimos con los de la península de Yucatán, es posible reconocer que los elementos típicos de BTI's (e. g. Cameraria latifolia, Crescentia cujete, Dalbergia glabra, Haematoxylum campechianum, Terminalia buceras, entre otros) son responsables de las diferencias florísticas entre ambas comunidades vegetales. Mientras, el número de ecotipos compartidos con los BTA's (e. g. Coccoloba cozumelensis, Croton reflexifolius, Havardia albicans, Mimosa bahamensis, entre otros) aumenta su similitud (López & Kursar, 2003;Kurtz, Gomes & Scarano, 2013), que según nuestros análisis no está relacionada con la distancia geográfica. En el análisis de relaciones florísticas, únicamente el BTI de Calakmul se agrupó con los BTA's, posiblemente por la presencia de menor estrés natural por inundación.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Diversidad, estructura y afinidades florísticas de un bosque temporalmente inundable de la Península de Yucatán

Albor-Pinto

Tun‐Garrido

Ortíz-Díaz

2017

RBT

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Diversity, structure and floristic affinities of a temporarily flooded forest of the Yucatan Peninsula. Temporarily flooded forests (TFF's) are among the most endangered tree communities in Southeast Mexico and in a contradictory way among the least known in terms of their diversity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the richness, diversity (Shannon-Wiener) and dominance (relative importance value; RIV) of a TFF of the Yucatan Peninsula, and evaluate its floristic affinities with other TFF's and upland forests (UF's) of Southeast Mexico. A sampling method based on 10 quadrants of 10 x 20 m (2 000 m 2 ) was used to record all woody individuals with diameter ≥ 1 cm and height ≥ 1.5 m. A floristic similarity analysis was used including 192 genera of woody plants belonging to TFF's and UF's of the Yucatan and Tabasco TFF's. A Mantel correlation test was performed to determine if the geographic distance has effect on the floristic similarities between TFF's and UF´s of the Yucatan peninsula. The TFF under study was characterized with a low level of diversity (2.79) and species richness (56), and a high dominance level (52.3 % of RIV in five species). Dominant species such as Haematoxylum campechianum, Dalbergia glabra, Cameraria latifolia, Byrsonima crassifolia, Crescentia cujete and Terminalia buceras showed a floristic neotropical affinity typical of floodable habitats. The structure of the community was characterized by an inverted "J" pattern for the distribution of individuals in the diametric and height classes. The high density of woody lianas, mainly of Dalbergia glabra (22 % of the recorded individuals) suggested an optimal state of conservation of the studied area. The floristic similarity analysis revealed that most of TFF's in Yucatan Peninsula were grouped with high similarity (55 %) independently of the adjacent UF's; however, TFF´s resulted similar among them (36 % similarity) when compared with TFF's from other regions (16 % similarity). According to the Mantel test, the similarity between sites is not influenced by its geographical proximity (r = -0.098, p>0.05). This emphasizes the need to generate conservation strategies for the TFF's of the Yucatan peninsula independently from other regions of Southeast Mexico. Our results suggest that the TFF of the studied region has a similar diversity from other TFF's in Southeast Mexico, a different floristic composition compared with adjacent UF's and a structure with an optimal conservation status, characteristics that indicate their importance for the regional flora conservation. Further ecological studies are needed to build a solid foundation for management and conservation for the TFF's. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (3): 868-880. Epub 2017 September 01.

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Structure and phytogeographic relationships of swamp forests of Southeast Brazil

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Common species distribution and environmental determinants in South American coastal plains

Common species distribution and environmental determinants in South American coastal plains

Species Diversity and Structure of an Intact Freshwater Swamp Forest in the Niger Delta

Diversidad, estructura y afinidades florísticas de un bosque temporalmente inundable de la Península de Yucatán

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