Avaliação da diversidade arbórea das ilhas do rio Paraguai na região de Cáceres, Pantanal Matogrossense, Brasil

Abstract

ABSTRACT(Assessment of tree diversity on the islands of the Paraguay River, in the Caceres region, Pantanal, Brazil). Plant diversity on islands is associated with habitat heterogeneity, the distribution of a species, the flood pulse that may be influenced by fluvial dynamics and differences in geomorphologic origin. This study assessed the diversity of trees on six islands of the Paraguay River, between Caceres and Taimã Ecological Station, in the Pantanal, Brazil. Islands created by two geomorphologic processes were compared: sedimentation and islands formed when the necks of meanders erode. All of the trees with DBH ≥ 5 cm were sampled from 22 (10 m x 20 m) plots (per island), which were 50 m from each other. Ten plots were allocated in the central parts and 12 on the edges of the islands in areas where there was erosion and sediment deposition. The cluster constructed from the Sorensen coefficient resulted in dendrograms based on single bonds and Euclidean distance of similarity indexes, where hierarchies were observed among the groups when considering the plots located in the center and on the edge of the islands, and between islands. Forty species belonging to 34 genera and 21 families were recorded. The Shannon-Weaver diversity indexes ranged from H' 1.08 to 2.77. There was a difference in the floristic composition on the islands that were formed when necks of meanders eroded compared to those formed by sedimentation. There was a difference in the floristic composition when comparing the center and edge of islands formed when necks of meanders eroded.

Bird Community Structure in Macrohabitats of the Aquaticterrestrial Transition Zone in the Pantanal Wetland, Brazil

“…ATTZs composed of forested areas contained the greatest number of bird species. Islands in this region of the Paraguay River usually have high levels of tree diversity (Ikeda-Castrillon et al 2011), and become habitats and the source of essential resources for even the most demanding birds, with regard to use of different vertical strata within the wetland environment. Grasslands had lower levels of observed richness than forest areas, possibly due to the limited number of places, such as perches in trees and shrubs, that provide shelter for species throughout the forest strata (Almeida et al 2018).…”

“…The responses of biological communities to the spatial and temporal variation within ATTZs are still poorly understood. Some studies have shown that terrestrial and aquatic biological communities such as vegetation (Ikeda-Castrillon et al 2011, Catian et al 2018, vertebrate animals (Figueira et al 2011, Lázari et al 2013, Valério et al 2016, Penha et al 2017 and invertebrates (Oliveira-Júnior et al 2013) can respond differently to landscape changes caused by flood and dry cycles of the Pantanal.…”

Aves Aquáticas da Estação Ecológica de Taiamã: Variação Sazonal da Estrutura da Comunidade e a Importância das Áreas Protegidas no Pantanal

“…Jacq. ex Scop., Triplaris americana L., Sapium obovatum Klotzsch ex Mull, Spondias mombin L. and Inga vera Willd., common in the Paraguay River islands (Ikeda-Castrillon et al 2011). Another type of area on this transect is (3) floating marshes, formed by layers of floating organic matter (remnants of aquatic vegetation, roots and rhizomes), which accompany the fluctuation of the water level (Pott & Pott 2000).…”

Diversidade florística da comunidade arbórea de mata ripária do rio Paraguai em áreas de planalto e Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brasil

“…Os outliers apresentado na região de confluências dos rios se assemelham com o levantamento de Ikeda-Castrillon, et al, (2011) que registraram essa espécie com maior valor de importância, considerada monodominante sobre a diversidade arbórea das ilhas do rio Paraguai na região que vai de Cáceres até a Estação Ecológica de Taiamã. Esses resultados podem estar relacionados a região da planície inundada que tem característica de possuir espécies monodominantes, como também a Erythrina fusca foi destacada por Olivo-Neto, et al, (2020), na região de planície na Estação Ecológica de Taiamã.…”