Análise química em órgãos de reserva de algumas herbáceas e arbóreas ocorrentes na flora do Espírito Santo, Brasil

Abstract

) dentre os micronutrientes. Como constatado no presente trabalho, os estudos relacionados à bioprospecção revelam resultados promissores mostrando o grande potencial tecnológico de sementes e de órgãos subterrâneos de armazenamento encontrados na flora do Espírito Santo. Palavras-chave: carboidratos não estruturais, bulbos, polissacarídeos, sementes, tubérculosABSTRACT -(Chemical analysis of storage organs in herb and tree species from Espírito Santo State, Brazil). The composition of non-structural carbohydrates was investigated in the underground organs of the herbs Dioscorea sp. 1 and Dioscorea sp. 2 (Dioscoreaceae); Hedychium coronarium J. König (Zingiberaceae); Hippeastrum reticulatum (L'Hérit.) Herb. (Amaryllidaceae); Scadoxus multiflorus (Martyn) Raf. (Amaryllidaceae), Prescottia nivalis Barb. Rodr. (Orchidaceae) and Sinningia aghensis Chautems (Gesneriaceae). We was also analyzed the levels of cell-wall storage polysaccharides (CWSP) and mineral nutrients in seeds of Cassia fistula L., Cassia grandis L.f., Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC., Erythrina variegata L., Hymenaea courbaril L. and Ormosia arborea (Vell.) Harms from the Leguminosae family. H. reticulatum showed the highest fructose levels (25% dry mass) suggesting the presence of fructans in the underground organs. The highest levels of total soluble carbohydrates, especially sucrose (63%), were observed in rhizomes of P. nivalis indicating that this carbohydrate may act as an osmoregulator in this rock-dwelling resurrection plant. In relation to CWSP, high values were found in H. courbaril (70%), C. grandis (53%) and C. rosea (40%) seeds. Intermediate values were found in C. fistula (24%) and E. variegata (11%). O. arborea seeds showed the lowest amount of WCP (<3% dry mass). Previous work has shown that the storage polysaccharides of H. courbaril are of the xyloglucan type while in C. grandis, C. fistula and C. rosea they are of the galactomanan type. Identification of the polysaccharide in E. variegata and O. arborea depends on future analyses by HPLC. In relation to mineral nutrients, C. rosea and E. variegata seeds stood out due to higher concentrations of N (60 g.kg ) and Zn (56-87 mg.g -1 ) among the micronutrients. As shown here, bioprospecting studies reveal promising results showing the great technological potential of seeds and underground storage organs in the Espírito Santo flora.

Hippeastrum reticulatum (Amaryllidaceae): Alkaloid Profiling, Biological Activities and Molecular Docking

“…The species H. reticulatum is widely used as an ornamental plant due to its colorful flowers ranging from light pink to dark purple [ 24 ]. In recent years, some studies have been published about its primary metabolites, pigment constituents (anthocyanins), botanical characterization, karyotypes and phylogenesis [ 9 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Partial purification of trypsin/papain inhibitors from Hymenaea courbaril L. seeds and antibacterial effect of protein fractions

“…The presence of storage polysaccharides, mainly xyloglucans and galactomannans, has been reported in jatobá seeds (Clippel et al 2008, Busato et al 2009). Due to the presence these compounds, the crude extract became viscous, so to reduce these polysaccharides, ethanol was added to precipitate them, which also reduced the viscosity of the extract.…”

Effects that nutritional and saline gradients have on the growth of Passiflora mucronata Lam. and Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. found in the restinga of Brazil

“…Considering that the vigor of the plants depends on the size of the seed and the content of its reserves (Melo et al 2004), the larger NAR and RGR of C. rosea in relation to p. mucronata with the 0 and 200 mM NaCl solutions can be explained by the greater size of its seeds rich in cell wall polysaccharide reserves of the xyloglucan type that can represent 40% of the dry mass of its seeds (Clippel et al 2008). Additionally, the greater NAR and RGR of C. rosea may be associated with its taxonomic group being characterized by the presence of nitrogen--fixing nodules and rapid growth (Marschner 1999).…”