Malpighiaceae: correlations between habit, fruit type and basic chromosome number

Lombello, Ricardo A.; Forni‐Martins, Eliana Regina

doi:10.1590/s0102-33062003000200001

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The fact that 4 out of 5 species shrubby species studied are tetraploids, indicates a predominance of polyploidy on shrubby species. Varying chromosome numbers in taxa with different habits was also recorded in Sapindaceae (Lombello and Forni-Martins 1998) and Malpighiaceae (Lombello and Forni-Martins 2003). In Sapindaceae, lianoid taxa were shown to represent more derived lineages and to have evolved from ancestors with a shrubby habit; in this case, a reduction on chromosome numbers followed by an increase in chromatin length was hypothesized on the lianoid taxa.…”

Section: Ploidy Levelmentioning

confidence: 85%

Chromosome Studies in Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae): The First Record of Polyploidy in Anemopaegma

et al. 2011

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Summary Anemopaegma (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) includes 45 species distributed from Mexico to Northeastern Argentina. The genus is monophyletic and well supported by morphological and molecular characters. However, the delimitation of species within Anemopaegma is complex. In this study, we determined chromosome numbers and interphase nuclei structure for 5 shrubby species of Anemopaegma, 3 of which belong to the Anemopaegma arvense species complex. While most shrubby species analyzed were polyploids (2nϭ4xϭ80), polyploidy was not encountered among the climbing members of the genus. Furthermore, interphase nuclei was shown to vary among species. In particular, A. album was the only species that presented semi-reticulate interphase nuclei, while A. glaucum and A. scabriusculum presented areticulate nuclei. Anemopaegma acutifolium and A. arvense, on the other hand, presented an interphase nuclei structure that was intermediate between the areticulate and semi-reticulate types. Overall, our findings suggest that ploidy level may have had an important role in the diversification of the Neotropical genus Anemopaegma.

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Section: Ploidy Levelmentioning

confidence: 85%

Chromosome Studies in Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae): The First Record of Polyploidy in Anemopaegma

et al. 2011

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“…Malpighiaceae possui aproximadamente 71 gêneros e 1250 espécies (Lombello & Forni-Martins 2003), das quais 85% são neotropicais (Anderson 1979, Davis et al 2001. No Brasil ocorrem aproximadamente 300 espécies, pertencentes a 32 gêneros, em diversas formações vegetais (Barroso et al 1991).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fenologia e biologia reprodutiva de duas espécies de Byrsonima Rich. (Malpighiaceae) em área de Cerrado no Nordeste do Brasil

2011

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Abstract:The knowledge of the phenology patterns and of the floral biology, the determination of the role of the vectors of pollen flow, besides the understanding of the reproductive system, are fundamental points for the understanding of the reproductive biology of the species. The pollination ecology, reproductive system, flowering phenology and floral visitors of Byrsonima umbellata Mart. and B. rotunda Griseb. were studied in a Cerrado area, at Urbano Santos municipality, Maranhão State. B. umbellata presented extended flowering period (eight months) and B. rotunda showed brief flowering period (one month). The species had hermaphroditic flowers with diurnal anthesis. B. umbellata is facultatively self-incompatible, showing higher fruit production through cross-pollinators (46.6%), and B. rotunda is mainly self-compatible, with fruit production in all treatments, even through agamospermy (60%), although higher production was achieved in geitonogamy (90%). We observed 42 and 16 species of bees in B. umbellata and B. rotunda flowers, respectively. Centris aenea and C. (Trachina) sp.n. were considered the main pollinators of B. umbellata flowers and C. aenea of B. rotunda. Both Byrsonima species present important ecological function, representing important resources to several species of bees during flowering season deficit in the studied environment.

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“…The genus Malpighia belongs to the sub-family Malpighioideae, tribe Hiptageae. According to Lombello & Forni-Martins (2003), the diploid number 2n = 20 represents 42.2% of the chromosome counts of Malpighioideae, the remaining ones being tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40). The possibility of an ancient x = 5 for the Malpighioideae species was also mentioned by these authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karyotype characterization of Malpighia emarginata (Malpighiaceae)

2010

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-Malpighia emarginata Sessé & Mociño ex DC. or West Indian cherry (acerola) is a wild plant originated in southern Mexico, Central America and the northern region of South America. The species was introduced to Brazil about 60 years ago and now the country is the world's biggest producer. Even though the fruits of acerola have high commercial value, as they are an important source of the natural vitamin C, very little chromosome information is available for this species. Previous studies showed that most Malpighia species are diploids, including M. emarginata with 2n = 20. In the present paper, the chromosome number of acerola was confirmed, and for the first time, its karyotype was described, providing the identification of the homologues for the ideogram construction. The acerola chromosomes are small (1.71 to 2.56 µm) and metacentric with the exception of chromosome 2 that was classified as submetacentric. In addition, it is recommended a protocol to produce rooted-plantlets in vitro for mitotic studies that could be also used for micropropagation of acerola. Index terms: acerola, cytology, chromosomes, in vitro culture establishment, West Indian cherry. CARACTERIZAÇÃO CARIOTÍPICA DE Malpighia emarginata (MALPIGHIACEAE)RESUMO -Malpighia emarginata Sessé e Mociño ex DC., ou acerola, é uma planta silvestre originada do sul do México, América Central e região norte da América do Sul. A espécie foi introduzida no Brasil há cerca de 60 anos e o País é o maior produtor mundial. Embora os frutos da acerola tenham alto valor comercial, pois são uma importante fonte natural de vitamina C, pouco se conhece sobre os cromossomos da espécie. Estudos prévios mostraram que a maioria das espécies de Malpighia é diploide, incluindo M. emarginata com 2n = 20. No presente trabalho, foi confirmado o número cromossômico da acerola e foi descrito, pela primeira vez, o seu cariótipo, provendo a identificação dos homólogos para a construção do ideograma. Os cromossomos da acerola são pequenos (1,71 a 2,56 µm) e metacêntricos, com exceção do cromossomo 2, que foi classificado como submetacêntrico. Além disso, definiu-se um protocolo para produzir plântulas enraizadas in vitro para estudos mitóticos, o qual pode, igualmente, ser usado para a micropropagação da acerola. Termos para indexação: acerola, citologia, cromossomos, estabelecimento in vitro, West Indian cherry.

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Malpighiaceae: correlations between habit, fruit type and basic chromosome number

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Chromosome Studies in Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae): The First Record of Polyploidy in Anemopaegma

Chromosome Studies in Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae): The First Record of Polyploidy in Anemopaegma

Fenologia e biologia reprodutiva de duas espécies de Byrsonima Rich. (Malpighiaceae) em área de Cerrado no Nordeste do Brasil

Karyotype characterization of Malpighia emarginata (Malpighiaceae)

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