Perfil e florística de dois trechos de mata litorânea no Município de Maricá - RJ

Abstract

Acta bot. bras. 15(3): 321-334. 2001 321 PERFIL E FLORÍSTICA DE DOIS TRECHOS DE MATA LITORÂNEA NO MUNICÍ-PIO DE MARICÁ -RJ.RESUMO -(Perfil e florística de dois trechos de mata litorânea no Município de Maricá -RJ.) Na Ilha Cardosa, no sistema lagunar de Maricá-RJ, Brasil, foram realizados levantamentos florísticos, com ênfase para as lenhosas, e diagramas de perfil da vegetação de dois terrenos adjacentes: um terreno de sedimentos arenosos quaternários e outro de tabuleiro. Em cada área foi marcado um transecto de 2 x 60m, sendo amostrados todos os indivíduos lenhosos com DAS ³ 2,5 cm. Foram amostrados 276 indivíduos lenhosos e herbáceos pertencentes a 69 espécies de 33 famílias. Encontrou-se uma diferenciação florística entre as duas áreas expressa nos percentuais de espécies e famílias exclusivas a uma das áreas, e nas famílias com maior riqueza de espécies, assim como diferenças estruturais relativas à densidade, largura da copa, proporção de árvores e lianas e presença de ramificação basal do caule. As formações estudadas apresentaram, florística e fisionomicamente, semelhanças com florestas de restinga. Foram discutidas a adequação da largura e critério de inclusão utilizados para o perfil. O diagrama de perfil foi considerado um instrumento útil no estudo e comparação de estruturas fisionômicas florestais.Palavras-chave -diagrama de perfil, fisionomia, mata de restinga, Rio de Janeiro. ABSTRACT -(Profile diagrams and floristic in two areas of a coastal forest in the Municipality of Maricá -RJ.)In the Cardosa Island, located in the Maricá lagoon system, a floristic survey (especially of woody plants) was carried out and profile diagrams were drawn in order to compare the vegetation of two contiguous areas: an area on quaternary sandy terrain and other on the top of a small hill ( Table-land). In each area a 2 x 60m transect was delimited and every shrub, tree or liana with diameter at the base of the stem (DSB) ³ 2,5cm inside of it was recorded and drawn. 276 herbaceous and woody individuals, belonging to 69 species and 33 families, were sampled. The percentage of species and families restricted to one area , and the structural features relative to density, crown width, proportion of trees and lianas and the presence of basal ramification of the stem showed differences between the two areas. Both formations showed floristic and physiognomic similarities with restinga's forests. The adequacy of the transect width, as well as of the minimum DSB used in the profile diagrams were also discussed. The profile diagram was considered an useful instrument for the study and comparison of forests physiognomic structures.

Do edaphic aspects alter vegetation structures in the Brazilian restinga?

“…predominated and was the family with the highest proportion of representatives in this sample (33.3%). Several studies have reported that Fabaceae is one of the most common families in restingas of the northeast (Cantarelli 2003;Sacramento et al 2007;Silva et al 2008;Almeida Jr. et al 2009) and southeast (Araújo & Henriques 1984;Silva & Oliveira 1989;Sá 1992;Araújo 2000;Lemos et al 2001), because it has common representatives in the neotropical flora (Gentry 1988). The Parnaíba restinga presented the highest H' value, ranging from 1.3 to 4.0.…”

The coastal restinga vegetation of Pará, Brazilian Amazon: a synthesis

“…Fabaceae (20) and Myrtaceae (≥ 17) featured the highest number of woody species (Bastos 1996, Amaral 1997, Silva 2008. Myrtaceae were important constituents of woody restinga vegetation, as in other parts of the country (Lemos et al 2001, Araujo et al 2004, Assis et al 2004aAssis et al 2004b;Dornelles & Waechter 2004, Scherer et al 2005, Pimentel et al 2007, Sacramento et al 2007, Martins et al 2008. Dominating genera in Myrtaceae are Eugenia (≥ 7 species) and Myrcia (8).…”

“…A number of species are widespread and occur also in southern Brazilian restingas, for example the trees Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae; Silva & Oliveira 1989, Freire 1990, Freire & Monteiro 1993, Matias & Nunes 2001, Pereira & Alvez 2006, Queiroz 2007, Guapira opposita (Vell.) Reitz (Nyctaginaceae; Silva & Oliveira 1989, Danilevicz et al 1990, Rossoni & Batista 1994, Menezes & Araujo 1999, Lemos et al 2001, Moreto & Mondin 2002, Sá 2002, Sztutman & Rodrigues 2002, Dornelles & Waechter 2004, Batista et al 2005, Neto et al 2005, Scherer et al 2005, Sonehara 2005, Klein et al 2007, Pimentel et al 2007, Martins et al 2008 and Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand (Burseraceae; Silva & Oliveira 1989, Assumpção & Nascimento 2000, Pereira & Alvez 2006, Leite et al 2007, Pimentel et al 2007, Sacramento et al 2007).…”

Araceae of Grumari restinga: contribution to the conservation of the flora of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

“…To search for the distribution of Araceae species in restinga ecosystems of the state, a list of species was compiled based on: i) our field data; ii) records from the previously cited herbaria; and iii) records from floristic and phytosociological inventories (Araujo & Oliveira 1988;Lemos et al 2001;Pereira et al 2004;Paz & Bove 2007;Araujo et al 2009;Carvalho & Sá 2011). Similarity in species composition among Grumari restinga and other restinga areas was evaluated by using a presence-absence matrix (Tab.…”