Utilização de ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares: um estudo de base populacional

Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of aspirin use in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, from January to May 2010. The study had two outcomes: 1) aspirin use in primary prevention (individuals > 40 years of age with at least two risk factors: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and/or hyperlipidemia) and 2) aspirin use in secondary prevention (history of stroke and/or angina/myocardial infarction). The outcomes were analyzed based on demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variables. Prevalence of aspirin use was 24.8% for primary prevention and 34.3% for secondary prevention. In primary prevention, aspirin use was more common in non-whites and older individuals and among those with worse self-rated health. For secondary prevention, aspirin use was more frequent among older and higher-income individuals and former smokers. Prevalence of aspirin use was well below recommended levels for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Stroke at baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil): a cross-sectional analysis

“…well below the recommended levels for prevention of cardiovascular diseases. 7 Considering the paucity of studies evaluating secondary prevention for stroke in Brazil, we sought to conduct a cross-sectional analysis on the frequency of secondary prevention of stroke and associated sociodemographic risk factors, using data from participants who reported having a previous medical diagnosis of stroke at the baseline examination of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).…”

Evidence on the use of aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases Evidências sobre o uso de aspirina na prevenção primária de doenças cardiovasculares

“…2 The focus of treatment is on prevention, changing habits and reducing risk factors, through dietary reeducation, exercise, smoking cessation, glycemic control, actions that can significantly reduce the incidence of CVD. 4 However, today, we question the use of drugs with inhibitory action of platelet aggregation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular alterations, with aspirin being the object of our discussion.…”

“…4,16 This recommendation, to a certain extent, extends to the entire group of individuals at high risk of developing CVD. This is justified by the fact that there are no studies comparing different doses of aspirin, the dose of 100 mg/day being the most used in the studies.…”

“…1 The CVD was also responsible for 1,155,489 hospital admissions in 2007 and 69% of the Unified Health System expenditures (UHS). 2 Because of this scenario, many studies focus on their prevention, some emphasize lifestyle modifications such as healthy diet, reduction of smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diseases such as hypertension, stress, dyslipidemias and diabetes, [3][4] while others focus on pharmacological measures for primary and secondary prevention, that is, respectively, to avoid risks, determinants or causes of CVD; and promote early detection and return to a healthy status. 5 Currently, the most commonly used drug for this purpose is aspirin, also known as ASA or acetylsalicylic acid.…”

“…However, outpatient and hospital studies have found use of around 17.7% in the case of primary prevention and up to 98% in secondary prevention of CVD. 4 Aspirin is one of the most widely used drugs in the world. Its origin dates back to 1897, when the German laboratory Bayer, through Henri Leroux and Raffaele Piria, respectively, French pharmacist and Italian chemist, conjugated acetate with salicylic acid, which has its active principle isolated in the crystalline form of Salix alba willow, forming Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA).…”