Distribuição dos casos de AIDS em mulheres no Rio de Janeiro, de 1982 a 1997: uma análise espacial

Abstract

The AIDS epidemic has spread and reached various population groups differently. The epidemic's dynamics have also differed according to the characteristics of different areas within cities, related to the principal modes of spread. This study analyzes the AIDS epidemic in women in the city of Rio de Janeiro using the space referential. The epidemic is on the rise among women, particularly in the Northern and Western Zones of the city. In this group it constitutes a "sub-epidemic", to the extent that it displays different characteristics in terms of clinical presentation, access to health services, and knowledge of risks. There was a high proportion of unknown transmission category among the women, thus revealing ignorance of their own risk situation. In addition, the high proportion of unknown level of schooling emphasizes the implications of the investigative system on quality of data recorded for women.

Expressão geográfica da epidemia de Aids em Campinas, São Paulo, de 1980 a 2005

“…HIV transmission in women increases in populations with lower level of education and income, with limited access to health services and policies to prevent HIV infection, apart from the variables related to the previously mentioned gender inequality. 9,14 Given the need to increase the understanding of the dynamics of production and transmission of HIV/AIDS infection, instruments traditionally used in GIS can be useful to identify areas with a greater concentration of cases, in addition to enabling the identifi cation of places with higher risk of infection, using statistical models with greater explanatory potential. 1,2,3 The use of georeferenced points in maps allows greater accuracy of analysis, because it is assumed that possible inner differences and inequalities in an area, divided into polygons, will not disappear.…”

“…4,11 The spatial dissemination of AIDS has been investigated, using geoprocessing and spatial data analysis, increasing the understanding of the dynamics of this epidemic in Brazil and enabling public health to have tools traditionally used in geography and cartography. 2,5,14 Health services have also incorporated statistical analyses, computer programs and geographic information systems (GIS), particularly in programs of epidemiological surveillance of diseases. In this way, space began to be thoroughly analyzed, bringing important contribution to epidemiological studies and the performance of health services.…”

Avaliação das ações de prevenção da transmissão vertical do HIV e sífilis em maternidades públicas de quatro municípios do Nordeste brasileiro

“…Estudos avaliativos realizados em outros municípios do Brasil também apontam a fragilidade da assistência em diferentes aspectos 1,6,11,12,13,14,20 .…”

“…Pessoas infectadas pelo HIV apresentam também altas taxas de infecção por outras doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST), em conseqüência de fatores comportamentais, biológicos, do estado de imunossupressão, ou mesmo resultar da interação de mais de um fator 10 . Outro aspecto a ser observado é o aumento da transmissão heterossexual, com conseqüente feminilização, principalmente entre as mulheres de baixo nível sócio-econômico e que residem em municípios de pequeno porte 11,12,13,14 . Essa nova demanda traz consigo a maternidade em situação de infecção pelo HIV 10 .…”

A epidemia de AIDS em adolescentes de 13 a 19 anos, no município do Rio de Janeiro: descrição espaço-temporal

“…O Estado do Rio de Janeiro é responsável por cerca de 21% dos casos da região sudeste e o município do Rio de Janeiro por 65,5% dos casos do estado. Análise espacial da epidemia de AIDS no município do Rio de Janeiro demonstra que houve expansão nas áreas mais pobres e desprovidas de serviços 3,4 .…”