Biological control of tick populations: review and reflections

Labarthe, Norma

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x1994000100005

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, over the years, many tick populations developed tolerance to most chemicals used. Misuse, e.g., mistakes during preparation of the product, inappropriately low application rates, and overly repeated applications of chemical acaricides, are situations that contributed to the selection of chemical-acaricide-resistant tick populations (Labarthe, 1994). Resistance of R. sanguineus against chemical products has been demonstrated worldwide (Burridge et al, 2004;Miller et al, 2001;Estrada-Pena, 2005), as well as in Brazil (Borges et al, 2007).…”

Section: Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Vectors Many Dog Pathogens Such As mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of heat stress and oil formulation on conidial germination of Metarhizium anisopliae s.s. on tick cuticle and artificial medium

Barreto

Luz

Mascarin

et al. 2016

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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The effect of heat stress (45°C) versus non-heat stress (27°C) on germination of Metarhizium anisopliae sensu stricto (s.s.) isolate IP 119 was examined with conidia formulated (suspended) in pure mineral oil or in water (Tween 80, 0.01%), and then applied onto the cuticle of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.) engorged females or onto culture medium (PDAY). In addition, bioassays were performed to investigate the effect of conidia heated while formulated in oil, then applied to blood-engorged adult R. sanguineus females. Conidia suspended in water then exposed to 45°C, in comparison to conidia formulated in mineral oil and exposed to the same temperature, germinated less and more slowly when incubated on either PDAY medium or tick cuticle. Also, conidial germination on tick cuticle was delayed in comparison to germination on artificial culture medium; for example, germination was 13% on tick cuticle 72h after inoculation, in contrast to 61.5% on PDAY medium. Unheated (27°C) conidia suspended in either water or oil and applied to tick cuticle developed appressoria 36h after treatment; whereas only heat-stressed conidia formulated in oil developed appressoria on tick cuticle. In comparison to conidia heated in mineral oil, there was a strong negative effect of heat on germination of conidia heated in water before being applied to arthropod cuticle. Nevertheless, bioassays [based primarily on egg production (quantity) and egg hatchability] exhibited high percentages of tick control regardless of the type of conidial suspension; i.e., water- or oil-formulated conidia, and whether or not conidia were previously exposed to heat. In comparison to aqueous conidial preparations, however, conidia formulated in oil reduced egg hatchability irrespective of heat or no-heat exposure. In conclusion, mineral-oil formulation protected conidia against heat-induced delay of both germination and appressorium production when applied to the cuticle of R. sanguineus.

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Section: Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Vectors Many Dog Pathogens Such As mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of heat stress and oil formulation on conidial germination of Metarhizium anisopliae s.s. on tick cuticle and artificial medium

Barreto

Luz

Mascarin

et al. 2016

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…sanguineus control is mostly performed through the application of chemical acaricides to the environment and/or directly to the dogs (Labruna and Pereira 2001;Dantas-Torres et al 2006;de Oliveira et al 2008de Oliveira et al , 2009. However, these substances, which are frequently misused, and their indiscriminate application, lead to the selection of resistant populations (Labarthe 1994;Leal et al 2003). The literature has reported R. sanguineus resistance to acaricides commercialized around the globe (Miller et al 2001;Burridge et al 2003;Estrada-Pena 2005;Miranda et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential ofAcmella oleracea(Jambu) extract in the control of semi-engorgedRhipicephalus sanguineus(Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) female ticks

Oliveira

Anholeto

Rodrigues

et al. 2018

International Journal of Acarology

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The present study evaluated the efficacy of Acmella oleracea extract, and the susceptibility of semiengorged R. sanguineus females exposed to different concentrations of the extract, with lethal concentration 50 % (LC 50) and confidence interval 95%. The ticks were mounted on Petri dishes and immersed in the different concentrations of the extract, distilled water or ethanol 50% + DMSO 1% for 5 minutes, dried and kept in BOD incubator for 7 days. The results showed the daily mortality rate among semi-engorged R. sanguineus females at different concentrations of the extract. The mortality data obtained in bioassay 2 were subjected to Probit analysis, through which a LC 50 of 24,883 mg/ml (limits: 22,331 to 28,003 mg/ml) was determined, at a 95% confidence interval. Thus, this study demonstrated the sensitivity and susceptibility of semi-engorged R. sanguineus females to Acmella oleracea extract. The acaricidal potential was effective as from the application of the extract at the concentration of 12.5 mg/ml and was dose-dependent. i.e., higher mortality rates were observed as the concentration increased, with LC 50 of 24,883 mg/ml reaching 100% at the concentration of 100 mg/ml in 24h.

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“…The increasing resistance of ticks to pesticides is another adverse effect (5,18). A well established, successfull approach to this problem should be the use of biological agents or methods (11,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the application of the sterile-male technique on the tick Hyalomma excavatum

BİLGİÇ¹

2013

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:A sterile-male technique was studied on the tick Hyalomma excavatum and its applicability was discussed. The adult unfed male Hyalomma excavatum ticks were exposed to gamma irradiation at the dose of 15 Gray (Gy). The effects of irradiation on the male Hyalomma excavatum ticks were evaluated by the fertility performances of the untreated Hyalomma excavatum females which they were paired with. At the dose of 15 Gy, irradiated males were proved to be effective in competing with untreated males. Feeding times were prolonged, engorged weights and egg production were reduced, and egg viability and hatchability were significantly decreased. Since the results are expressive and promising, a sterile male release, in spite of obvious difficulties, could be considered feasible. However, further trials are needed to investigate if the sterility is transmitted from generation to generation without recovery of fertility.Key words: Gamma irradiation, Hyalomma, sterile-male technique, tick. Hyalomma excavatum kenesinde steril erkek tekniğinin uygulanması üzerinde araştırmalarÖzet: Hyalomma excavatum üzerinde steril erkek tekniğine uygun çalışmalar yapılarak tekniğin sahaya uygulanabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Gama radyasyonun Hyalomma excavatum üzerindeki etkisi, ışınlanmış erkek kenelerle çiftleşen ışınlanmamış dişi Hyalomma excavatum kenelerinin üreme performansları izlenerek incelenmiştir. 15 Gray (Gy) dozda ışınlanan erkek kenelerin ışınlanmamış kenelerle rekabet edebildiği görülmüştür. Kenelerin beslenme süreleri uzamış, düşme ağırlıkları ve yumurta verimleri azalmış, yumurtaların canlılığı ve yumurtalardan çıkan larva sayısı önemli oranda düşmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar steril erkek tekniğinin, uygulamadaki tüm güçlüklere rağmen kene kontrolü amacıyla kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Yine de, bu tekniğin sahaya uygulanmasından önce, gama ışınlamanın kenelerin üreme performansları üzerindeki etkisinin izleyen nesillere aktarılıp aktarılmadığı konusunda çalışmalar yapılması uygun olacaktır.

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Biological control of tick populations: review and reflections

Abstract: This study is concerned with aspects of the relationship between ticks and their hosts that have a bearing on biological control of tick populations. It proposes control methods based on a program that would combine development of an effective vaccine with genetic selection of hosts.

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of heat stress and oil formulation on conidial germination of Metarhizium anisopliae s.s. on tick cuticle and artificial medium

Effect of heat stress and oil formulation on conidial germination of Metarhizium anisopliae s.s. on tick cuticle and artificial medium

The potential ofAcmella oleracea(Jambu) extract in the control of semi-engorgedRhipicephalus sanguineus(Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) female ticks

Studies on the application of the sterile-male technique on the tick Hyalomma excavatum

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