Accuracy of the estimates of ammonia concentration in rumen fluid using different analytical methods

Souza, N.K.P.; Detmann, Edênio; Filho, Sebastião de Campos Valadares; Costa, V.; Piña, D. S.; Gomes, Daiany Íris; Queiróz, Augusto César de; Mantovani, Hilário Cuquetto

doi:10.1590/s0102-09352013000600024

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Short-chain fatty acids were identified and quantified by their retention times and peak area with standards (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) using a computer program for data analysis (GC solution, Shimadzu). The concentration of NH 3 -N in the clear sample of centrifuged ruminal fluid was determined by the catalysed indophenol colorimetric reaction [16,17].…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Rumen Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo ruminal fermentation of micronised wood powder for volatile fatty acid production in beef cattle

Hamano¹,

Takahashi²,

Agematu³

2017

Anim Husb Dairy Vet Sci

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo ruminal fermentation of micronised wood powder in beef cattle. Micronised wood powder was prepared by pulverizing sapwood of Japanese cedar to a mean particle size of 52 µm. Ruminal fluid from four beef cows was anaerobically incubated with different amounts of micronised wood powder (50, 100, 200, or 400 mg per 30 ml rumen fluid) for 24 hours at 39°C. In the in vivo experiment, four cows were fed micronised wood powder for four weeks in a crossover design. During the initial feeding period of seven days, micronised wood powder was gradually increased to the equivalent to 0.3% of body weight, and then animals were fed micronised wood powder for three weeks at this level. In batch fermentation, total concentrations of volatile fatty acid were increased by micronised wood powder supplementation except at 50 mg. This response was mainly attributable to increased concentrations of the major volatile fatty acids of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. However, volatile fatty acid production from micronised wood powder by in vitro ruminal fermentation was low and limited, even when the supplemented levels were increased to 400 mg. The ruminal fermentability of micronised wood powder was shown by the lack of change in the volatile fatty acid profile during in vivo ruminal fermentation. Therefore, the present study found that ruminal microorganisms enable fermentation and digestion of lignocelluloses in micronised wood powder directly for volatile fatty acid production. However, further consideration of micronised wood powder, such as improvement in particle size or lignin, is needed to accelerate the fermentation kinetics of micronised wood powder in the rumen.

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Section: Chemical Analysis Of Rumen Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo ruminal fermentation of micronised wood powder for volatile fatty acid production in beef cattle

Hamano¹,

Takahashi²,

Agematu³

2017

Anim Husb Dairy Vet Sci

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“…The pH was measured directly in the filtered rumen fluid (in a nylon membrane, pore size 100 μm), using a digital pH meter with standard buffer solutions, at pH 4.0 and 7.0. The analysis of NH 3 -N concentration was performed by distillation of the rumen fluid (13 mL of H 2 O and 5 mL of 2 mol L -1 KOH) and titration, using 0.005 mol L -1 hydrochloric acid (Souza et al, 2013). For the determination of SCFA (acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, valeric, and isovaleric acids), a 5 mL sample of filtered rumen fluid was diluted in 1 mL of formic acid, following the methodology described by Leventini et al (1990) for further chromatographic reading.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial replacement of corn by soybean hulls in high-grain diets for feedlot sheep

Homem

Nocera

Faleiros

et al. 2019

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the partial replacement of corn grains by soybean hulls, in high-grain diets, and its effect on the feeding behavior and ruminal fermentation parameters of feedlot sheep. Eight rumen-cannulated crossbred sheep were assigned to four treatment groups composed of a control, to fed a diet of 50% corn silage and 50% concentrate, and to three groups fed high-grain diets, as follows: 85% corn (Diet85), 75% corn plus 10% soybean hulls (Diet75), and 65% corn plus 20% soybean hulls (Diet65). High-grain diets reduced rumination time and provided a higher degradation of feed dry matter, a higher-propionic acid concentration, a lower-acetic acid concentration, a lower methane and carbon dioxide gas production, and a lower ruminal pH value. Diet65, with 20% soybean hulls, promoted an increase in the acetic acid proportion, with a reduction in the CO2:CH4 ratio. At the end of in vitro incubation, the pH value was higher for the control diet, and it was lower for Diet85. The inclusion of soybean hulls does not change methane production and dry matter degradation, and it can be used to substitute up to 20% of corn grain in high-grain diets.

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“…After 72 h of incubation, pH (pH 300; Analyzer ® ) was recorded and NH 3 -N ammonia nitrogen (mg/dL) was evaluated after centrifugation at 10,000 g for 10 min at 4 °C. Thereafter, 5 mL of the supernatant were pipetted and subjected to distillation and titration according to the micro-Kjeldahl method (Fenner, 1965;Souza et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine fecal inoculum optimization in in vitro fermentation assays of dehydrated roughage

et al. 2018

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This study evaluated the influence of coastcross hay substrate hydration and equine fecal inoculum dilution on the parameters of fermentation and microbiology in in vitro essays. A 2 × 2 factorial block design was used. The first factor was hydration of the coastcross hay substrate 12 h before incubation or at the time of incubation, and the second factor was the dilution of fecal inoculum with a nutrient solution in a weight: weight ratio of 1:1 or 1:3. Degradation of the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were evaluated at 24, 48, and 72 h. Microorganisms were counted 24 h after inoculation. The ammoniacal nitrogen concentration (NH 3-N), pH, and cumulative gas production were measured up to 72 h and adjusted by the non-linear Gompertz regression model. Hydration of substrate and time of incubation increased nutrient degradation of coastcross hay, as well as the final volume of gases and the concentration of Streptococcus spp. The 1:3 dilution increased the final pH and Streptococcus spp. concentration. The hydration of substrate did not have any effect on NH 3-N, Lactobacillus spp., cellulolytic, and total anaerobic bacteria concentrations. In addition, no effect of hydration was observed on the fermentation rate and the maximum fermentation time on the model used. The fermentation profile of the grass substrate is not affected by dilution, and, therefore, horse feces can be used as a source of inoculum in in vitro fermentation trials. Hydration increases the gas volumes and the nutrient degradation of grass hay, renders the lag phase time insignificant and, therefore, can be irrelevant in terms of fermentation model settings.

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Accuracy of the estimates of ammonia concentration in rumen fluid using different analytical methods

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

In vitro and in vivo ruminal fermentation of micronised wood powder for volatile fatty acid production in beef cattle

In vitro and in vivo ruminal fermentation of micronised wood powder for volatile fatty acid production in beef cattle

Partial replacement of corn by soybean hulls in high-grain diets for feedlot sheep

Equine fecal inoculum optimization in in vitro fermentation assays of dehydrated roughage

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