Proliferative and inflammatory changes in the urinary bladder of female rats naturally infected with Trichosomoides crassicauda: report of 48 cases

Serákides, Rogéria; Ribeiro, Ana Paula Goulart; Silva, C.M.; Santos, Renato Lima; Nunes, Virginia; Nascimento, Evaldo

doi:10.1590/s0102-09352001000200012

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Also, proliferations including hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia were seen in the bladder epithelium of infected rats, which are in agreement with previous studies [15,17]. Similar studies have shown papilloma, squamous metaplasia, epithelial hyperplasia, tumors and inflammation with or without uroliths in the urinary bladder [17,18], and accumulation of eosinophils in the lamina propria [15]. No tumor, uroliths or papilloma were observed in the rats examined in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Histopathology of bladder demonstrated a hyperemic and edematous appearance of the bladder and the presence of eosinophils in submucosa that could be due to inflammatory responses to the worm. Also, proliferations including hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia were seen in the bladder epithelium of infected rats, which are in agreement with previous studies [15,17]. Similar studies have shown papilloma, squamous metaplasia, epithelial hyperplasia, tumors and inflammation with or without uroliths in the urinary bladder [17,18], and accumulation of eosinophils in the lamina propria [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…No tumor, uroliths or papilloma were observed in the rats examined in this study. The development of uroliths and papilloma may be related to the duration of the epithelium irritation by the parasite [17]. In some studies, examination of the mucosal surface of bladder did not reveal the worms, which could be due to the transparency of the worms making them undetectable in tissue sections [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trichosomoides crassicauda Infection in Laboratory Rats with Histopathological Description in the Bladder Tissue

Najafi

Ghadikolai

Naddaf

et al. 2017

JoMMID

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INTRODUCTIONExperiments in different fields of biology and medical sciences depend on various laboratory animals. Rats are the second most utilized experimental animals in research studies worldwide, after laboratory mice [1]. Different lines of biomedical science such as organ transplantation, immunology, genetics, cancer research, pharmacology, physiology and neuroscience use rats as animal models [2]. Most of the experiments might be affected by the interaction between the animals and the pathogens including the parasites that commonly exist with no obvious clinical manifestations, rendering the obtained results unreliable [1,3]. The nematode Trichosomoides crassicauda was firstly described by Bellingham in 1840 in the urinary bladder of rat [4]. It is known as a nonpathogenic nematode living in the urinary bladder of wild and laboratory rats [5]. In a survey to determine the endoparasite of Rattus norvegicus, T. crassicauda was the most prevalent helminth parasites among the collected rodents [6]. The male worm of this nematode resides in the uterus or vagina of the adult female [7], demonstrating a unique biological behavior among parasitic helminths. This nematode has a direct life cycle, and infection occurs through the ingestion of contaminated foods and water containing embryonated eggs expelled in the urine [7]. On ingestion, the larvae hatch in the stomach and migrate to the lungs through body cavities or the bloodstream. The larvae reach the kidneys via the bloodstream and reach the bladder by passing the ureters [7]. The nematodes may be found free in the lumen or in the mucosal tissue of the bladder, causing severe catarrhal cystitis in massive infections [8]. Urinary calculi and bladder tumors may be associated with T. crassicauda infection. The larvae cause eosinophilic granulomas [9] and the infections in the bladder may lead to the granulomatous lesion [10]. Some postgraduate students reported the presence of a nematode infection, presumably, T. crassicauda in the urinary bladder of the rats from the animal house of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Regarding the potential adverse effect of this infection on the results of research studies, we prompted to explore the prevalence of infection among the rats from the animal houses of four research centers in Introduction: Some postgraduate students reported the presence of a nematode infection, presumably, Trichosomoides crassicauda in the urinary bladder of rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the animal house of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). We prompted to explore the prevalence of this infection among the rats of animal houses belonging to medical and veterinary research centers in Tehran. We also described the histopathological changes in the bladder tissue of the infected rats. Methods: We collected 214 adult rats (R. norvegicus) from four animal houses including TUMS in Tehran. The urine of 112 animals was collected during 24 h and inspected microscopically for helminths eggs. Then, the rats were euthanized, sacrificed a...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trichosomoides crassicauda Infection in Laboratory Rats with Histopathological Description in the Bladder Tissue

Najafi

Ghadikolai

Naddaf

et al. 2017

JoMMID

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“…The mechanisms of T. crassicauda parasitism have not been studied sufficiently. A positive correlation was described between pathomorphological changes in UB and uterus (inflammation and tumors) (15,17,18,20). This confirms that the presence of T. crassicauda may negatively impact on the results of a modeling study.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Morphological Peculiarities of Parasitic (Trichosomoides crassicauda) Infection in Rat Urinary Bladder

Sikora

Lуndіn

Hyriavenko

et al. 2021

Macedonian Veterinary Review

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Trichosomoides crassicauda (T. crassicauda) is a parasite commonly localized in the urinary bladder (UB) of laboratory and wild rats. The presence of these helminths can influence the prediction of pathological changes in the UB. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to make a comprehensive study of the features of the morphological changes in the UB wall of white laboratory rats as a result of T. crassicauda infestation. The study was performed on male rats using histological (Hematoxyline-Eosin and Alcian Blue staining) and immunohistochemical (Ki-67, Hsp70, Hsp90α, CD3 and CD20) methods. T. crassicauda was detected in both urine and UB samples. Morphological changes were observed as disruption in urothelial cell stratification and insignificant proliferative and immune responses in the UB. Increased heat shock protein levels were observed which may suggest a natural body’s resistance to this parasite.

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“…Chronic infection with the rat bladder worm may predispose animals to transitional cell carcinoma or other urothelial tumors (Barthold 1986). Papillary hyperplasia and overt papillomas of the bladder commonly accompany this parasite, but are thought to arise from the associated urolithiasis that occurs, rather than from direct effects of the nematode (Serakides et al 2001).…”

Section: Inhand Nomenclature: Lower Urinary Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferative and Nonproliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Urinary System

et al. 2012

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The INHAND Project (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice) is a joint initiative of the Societies of Toxicologic Pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP), and North America (STP) to develop an internationally accepted nomenclature for proliferative and nonproliferative lesions in laboratory animals. The purpose of this publication is to provide a standardized nomenclature for classifying lesions observed in the urinary tract of rats and mice. The standardized nomenclature of urinary tract lesions presented in this document is also available electronically on the Internet (http://www.goreni.org/). Sources of material included histopathology databases from government, academia, and industrial laboratories throughout the world. Content includes spontaneous developmental and aging lesions as well as those induced by exposure to test materials. A widely accepted and utilized international harmonization of nomenclature for urinary tract lesions in laboratory animals will decrease confusion among regulatory and scientific research organizations in different countries and provide a common language to increase and enrich international exchanges of information among toxicologists and pathologists.

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Proliferative and inflammatory changes in the urinary bladder of female rats naturally infected with Trichosomoides crassicauda: report of 48 cases

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Trichosomoides crassicauda Infection in Laboratory Rats with Histopathological Description in the Bladder Tissue

Trichosomoides crassicauda Infection in Laboratory Rats with Histopathological Description in the Bladder Tissue

Morphological Peculiarities of Parasitic (Trichosomoides crassicauda) Infection in Rat Urinary Bladder

Proliferative and Nonproliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Urinary System

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