Caracterização molecular de variedades crioulas de pimentas (Capsicum baccatum) com marcadores microssatélites

Abstract

Molecular characterization of landraces of peppers (Capsicum baccatum) with SSR markersCurrently, many landraces of C. baccatum are grown by farmers in Brazil. These populations are sources of genes for resistance or tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, most of these landraces are being lost due to genetic erosion caused by substitution of cultivars. In order to characterize and conserve landraces, since 2002 Embrapa Temperate Agriculture maintains an Active Germplasm Bank of Capsicum. This work has the objective to characterize landraces of C. baccatum using microsatellite markers. 20 accessions from the Active Germplasm Bank of Capsicum of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture were analyzed. DNA was extracted individually from young leaves collected from five plants of each accession. Eight microsatellite loci were analyzed. All loci were polymorphic. Molecular analysis of variance showed values of genetic diversity as 51.37% among accessions and 48.63% within the accessions. This fact showed the existence of segregation in many of these pepper landraces. The groups obtained by cluster analysis did not correlate with morphological fruit traits. Most of the genetic variability is found among different landraces, although there is also genetic variability within each accession.

Molecular and agronomic analysis of intraspecific variability in Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum accessions

“…The average number of alleles per locus was consistent with previous reports. Villela et al (2014) genotyped 20 C. baccatum landraces with 8 SSR loci and identified 43 alleles with an average of 5 alleles per locus. Rai et al (2013) studied 48 accessions belonging to four Capsicum species, 79% of which were C. annuum species, and obtained 76 alleles, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from two to five, with an average of 3.04.…”

“…Rai et al (2013), studying different species of Capsicum and primers for C. annuum, found PIC values between 0.29 and 0.92, with an average of 0.69. Villela et al (2014) characterized 20 local varieties of C. baccatum using nine microsatellite loci and obtained PIC values ranging from 0.54 to 1.00, with an average value of 0.66.…”

“…Molecular markers, especially those based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), have been widely used due to the minimal influence of environmental conditions or plant development factors (González-Pérez et al, 2014). Several molecular markers have been used to investigate genetic diversity in Capsicum spp, including random amplified polymorphic DNA (Costa et al, 2006), amplified fragment length polymorphism (Ibiza et al, 2012;Albrecht et al, 2012;Moses et al, 2014;Baba et al, 2015), and simple sequence repeats (SSR) or microsatellites (Nicolaï et al, 2013;Villela et al, 2014). SSR markers have many advantages over other markers, including their reproducibility, multi-allelic nature, co-dominant inheritance, relative abundance, and wide genome coverage (Varshney et al, 2005).…”

Genetic diversity in F3 population of ornamental peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)

“…This grouping resulted in the same number of groups as with the qualitative data, as well as the grouping manner of some individuals, emphasizing the importance of qualitative data analysis in ornamental peppers. Villela et al (2014) reported the formation of divergent groups using microsatellite molecular markers. Ulhoa et al (2014) in a study with the molecular characterization of 26 pepper lineages using microsatellite loci, identified the formation of three distinct groups.…”

“…Among the ways to evaluate this diversity in pepper plants, quantitative and qualitative traits stand out in the identification of superior genotypes and more recently by molecular markers, which allow to characterize and determine the existing genetic divergence within and between vegetal species (Bonett et al, 2006;Villela et al, 2014).…”