Caracterização morfológica de genótipos de coentro

Abstract

Morphological characterization of coriander genotypesFew coriander cultivars (Coriandrum sativum L.) are available to producers and, in some regions, are grown genotypes of unknown origin, kept by the growers themselves. To conserve such traditional crops it is necessary to collect, save, and characterize them. Thus, this study was to determine morphological characters to differentiate coriander genotypes aiming the registration of cultivars. Two trials were carried out, and the experimental design used in both was in completely randomized blocks with five replications. Americano, Asteca, Palmeira, Português, Santo, Superia, Tabocas, Tapacurá, and Verdão cultivars, and the line HTV-9299 were characterized for seedling, leaflets, leaves, fruits, and flowers. The data were subjected to a univariate ANOVA. The fruits of cv. Palmeira exhibited greater size and mass. As regards the presence of anthocyanins in seedlings and plants, cv. Americano showed the lowest intensity or slight pigmentation while cv. Tabocas had the highest pigmentation. The cultivars Americano, Palmeira, Asteca, Verdão, and Tabocas and the line HTV-9299 displayed higher number of basal leaves, however, the genotypes that produced larger amount of mass per plant were Tabocas, Palmeira, Verdão, HTV-9299, and Tapacurá. The green tone of leaflets showed differences among cultivars. So, cv. Americanos leaflets exhibited a light green, slightly yellowish color, HTV-9299 green, and Tabocas dark green. The morphological traits with higher discriminatory power for the group of the ten evaluated cultivars were: size and weight of fruits; presence or absence of anthocyanin in seedlings and plants; number of basal leaves; length of the fifth leaf; size and color of leaflets; number of days to bolting initiation, and opening of the first flower, and plant fresh mass.

Behavior of half-sib progenies of coriander

“…This data indicates possible genetic gain from these traits for direct or indirect selection, in which selection for one trait promotes gain in the other, given the high heritability estimates. The estimated heritability for plant height was higher than that reported by Melo et al (2009a). The values for environmental variance found by Melo et al (2009a) were higher than the values observed in this work, further reinforcing the notion that heritability is changeable and depends on the variability present in the study population and environmental control.…”

“…These results showed that the majority of phenotypic variance is genetic, describing these traits as variables with high heritability estimate, indicating success in selection with recombination of these progenies in the next cycles of phenotypic recurrent selection. Melo et al (2009a) reported positive genetic correlation for the plant height and shoot fresh mass traits. This indicates that taller plants tend to have higher leaf mass while shorter plants tend to have lower shoot fresh mass, and earlier bolting.…”

“…Thus, the highest value among the variables was 4.793 for plant height, showing that the practice of selection for this trait has the most favorable conditions for immediate genetic gains. On the other hand, parallel to this, it is possible to obtain gains for commercially important traits such as fresh mass, since this trait has strong correlation with plant height (MELO et al, 2009a).…”

“…The Verdão cultivar, the market leader in Pernambuco and Brazil, has wide variability (MELO et al, 2009a) and high potential to explore the new cultivars in studies of progenies. Some farmers dislike some traits of the Verdão cultivar such as early bolting and flowering time.…”

Reação de cultivares de coentro ao nematoide das galhas

“…Ainda são poucos os trabalhos com melhoramento genético, de modo que as cultivares disponíveis estão sendo utilizadas em várias regiões geográficas, sem que se considere suas possíveis diferenças de desenvolvimento nos diversos ambientes (Melo, 2009), porém, alguns estudos têm sido desenvolvidos para o coentro nas áreas de nutrição mineral (Alves et al, 2005;Oliveira et al, 2006), transmissão de patógenos (Reis et al, 2006), desenvolvimento de novas cultivares (Pereira et al, 2005) e estudo da variabilidade genética (Melo et al, 2009). Apesar disso, poucas cultivares de coentro estão disponíveis aos produtores e, em algumas regiões, são utilizadas cultivares locais, de origem desconhecida, cujas sementes são produzidas pelos próprios agricultores .…”