Narope cyllene Felder &amp; Felder, sp. rev. redescrição e fases imaturas (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Brassolinae)

Casagrande, Mirna Martins

doi:10.1590/s0101-81751990000200013

Cited by 2 publications

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“…For the genus Narope , early‐stages characters from N. cyllene C. Felder & R. Felder were combined with adult characters from N. cyllastros Doubleday, and we use only the genus name Narope to indicate this chimaera in the tree figures. Adults of these two species are very similar (Casagrande, 2002) – they are considered conspecific by Stichel (1932) but segregated by Casagrande (1991)– and so it seems unlikely that this chimaera would affect the analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult and early‐stage characters of Brassolini contain conflicting phylogenetic signal (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

Penz

Freitas

Kaminski

et al. 2013

Systematic Entomology

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This study examines the contribution of early-stages and adult characters to the reconstruction of the phylogeny of Brassolini butterflies. Parsimony analyses used both equal weights and implied weights, and a series of analyses were performed. First, we analysed adult and early-stages partitions independently and in combination for a subset of 27 species; in these cases the matrices were mostly complete. Whereas the adult partition alone produced a topology that was well resolved and congruent with previous studies, the early-stages partition produced a poorly resolved tree under equal weights. Furthermore, implied weights produced a well-resolved early-stages topology that differed significantly from the adult topology. When both partitions were combined for 27 species, implied weights yielded a topology that resembled the adult tree except for the positions of Bia and Penetes, but statistical node support was generally lower. This suggests that stochastic noise increased when early-stage characters were added to the adult partition, but the combined partitions topology was not statistically different from that based on adult characters alone. Second, given that preserved early stages are not as readily available as adults, we analysed a matrix including 45 species in which early-stage data were missing for 18 species, and compared the topology to that produced by the adult partition alone. Results were similar to the analyses including fewer species; the combined partitions tree was similar to that from the adult partition except for the position of Bia and Penetes. We compare our findings to other genus-level phylogenetic studies within Lepidoptera that have also used early-stages and adult characters. sive phylogenetic analysis of early-stage and adult morphology for the Nymphalidae, it included only 1.6% of the nymphalid species diversity (95 species in 94 genera). Furthermore, their study showed that separate analyses of these two character sets produced consensus trees differing in topology and resolution. The early-stages partition confirmed some previous views, such as the association of ithomiines and danaines, the acraeines and heliconiines, and placing the charaxines as sister group to an assemblage including morphines, brassolines, amathusiines and satyrines (see Müller, 1886;Ehrlich, 1958; Miller, 316

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%