Critical levels of organic acids on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat

Abstract

-The objective of this study was to determine the responses of the wheat cultivars CD 108 and CD 111 for tolerance to organic acids. The effects of five concentrations of the three main acids formed in the soil were studied: acetic acid (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mM), propionic acid (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mM) and butyric acid (0, 2, 4, 8 and 12 mM). Tests included germination, shoot length, root length and dry weight of shoot and root. The variable root length is the most responsive variable for all the acids tested and the critical level of toxicity of acetic, propionic and butyric acids, which reduced root length by at least 50% was 9.0, 8.5 and 4.0 mM respectively. It was concluded that the presence of acetic, propionic and butyric acids in the germination substratum of wheat seeds of the cultivars CD 111 and CD 108 reduced seedling development, mainly by reducing the length of the radicles.Index terms: Triticum aestivum L., anaerobic decomposition, toxicity, physiological potential.Níveis críticos dos ácidos orgânicos na germinação e crescimento de plântulas de trigo RESUMO -O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as respostas das cultivares de trigo CD 108 e CD 111 para tolerância a ácidos orgânicos. Os efeitos de cinco concentrações dos três principais ácidos, formados no solo, foram estudados: ácido acético (0, 4, 8, 12 e 16 mM), ácido propiônico (0, 4, 8, 12 e 16 mM) e ácido butírico (0, 2, 4, 8 e 12 mM). Os testes realizados foram: germinação, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz. A variável comprimento de raízes é a mais sensível para todos os ácidos e o nível crítico de toxicidade dos ácidos acético, propiônico e butírico, que reduziu em pelo menos 50% o comprimento da raiz, foi de 9.0, 8.5 e 4.0 mM, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que a presença dos ácidos acético, propiônico e butirico em substratos para germinação de sementes de trigo cultivares CD 111 e CD 108 reduz o desenvolvimento de plântulas, principalmente por reduzir o comprimento de raízes.Termos para indexação: Triticum aestivum L., decomposição anaeróbica, toxicidade, potencial fisiológico.1

Efeitos de ácidos orgânicos na germinação e crescimento inicial de Brassica napus L. var. oleifera

“…The genotype Hyola 50 showed higher RPsl compared with Hyola 61, but did not differ significantly from the genotypes Hyola 433, Hyola 571CL, and Hyola 575CL ( Table 5). Effects of propionic acid on shoot length was also previously reported in wheat (TUNES et al 2012), which suggests an effect of this stress over shoot development. However, Hyola 50 was less sensitive to this stress.…”

“…The opposite was found in oats, in which the root length was the most negatively affected (TUNES et al 2008). The increase in the concentration of organic acids leads to reduced root length and dry matter (TUNES et al 2012). Considering the RPrl results, one suggests the tested canola genotypes in this study show low sensitivity to stress by propionic acid.. Hyola 61 and Hyola 433 showed a reduction in RPgerm.7 and RPgerm.14 with increased propionic acid concentration (Table 7).…”

Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum

“…According to this, in recent studies of our group, different CS-based nanoparticles have been shown to not impair germination and initial growth of Phaseolus vulgaris (Pereira et al, 2017a(Pereira et al, , 2017b. Regarding the acetic acid, the concentration present in the CS/TPP nanoparticles is 0.038 mM, and as described in literature the phytotoxic effects of acetic acid on seeds are observed in concentration higher than 4 mM (Tunes et al, 2012). Moreover, CS/γ-polyglutamic acid nanoparticles, in which acetic acid was present at 0.15 mM, did not have phytotoxic effects against P. vulgaris (Pereira et al, 2017a).…”

Toxicity evaluation of process water from hydrothermal carbonization of sugarcane industry by-products

“…It is reported that phenol can affect negatively root growth, even present in low concentrations, and phenol can also inhibit seed germination (Kuiters 1989;Pinho et al 2017). Organic acids also are responsible for a decrease in root development, and the increase of chain organic acids is followed by an increase in its toxicity (Kopp et al 2007;de Tunes et al 2012;de Assis Alves et al 2018). This is in agreement with our results, whereas the root was more affected by the presence of different PW concentrations than the shoot, probably because roots were directly in contact with the solutions tested.…”