Citotoxicity of food dyes sunset yellow (E-110), bordeaux red (E-123), and tatrazine yellow (E-102) on Allium cepa L. root meristematic cells

Gomes, Keiva Maria Silva; Oliveira, Maria Virna Gonçalves Aguiar de; Carvalho, Francisco Ronielson de Sousa; Menezes, Camila Carvalho; Perón, Ana Paula

doi:10.1590/s0101-20612013005000012

Cited by 66 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…According to Caritá & Marin-Morales (2008), mitotic index lower than that of the negative control indicates the presence of agents whose toxic action affects the growth and development of exposed organisms. Complementing these authors, Gomes et al (2013), Marques et al (2015), and Moura et al (2016) claim that the inhibition of cell proliferation triggered by cytotoxic compounds in tissue with intense cell proliferation and with normal performance or without cellular changes, such as those used in this study for assessment of UHT milk toxicity, is quite harmful to the organism, since it possesses the property of inhibiting or limiting the replenishment of cells, altering the production of proteins and resulting in malfunction of the organ where it is located (Gomes et al, 2013;Marques et al, 2015;Moura et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…This test system is internationally accepted by research agencies as an assessment tool with accurate sensitivity for analysis of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity of the substance of interest, since the results obtained mostly show satisfactory similarity to those obtained via animal testing systems and cell cultures (Herrero et al, 2012;Lacerda et al, 2014;Tabrez et al, 2011;Gomes et al, 2013;Dliveira et al, 2013;Campos-Ventura et al, 2016;Moura et al, 2016;Santana et al, 2016;Bezerra et al, 2016;Nunes et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bodies, such as Codex Alimentarius and the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), point out in their technical regulations the constant need for toxicological studies on the acute effect of food microingredients in general, and especially of foods containing these compounds, since many food additives, such as those with wetting, stabilizing and antioxidant action, have not been evaluated for their cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential (Gomes et al, 2013;Dliveira et al, 2013;Marques et al, 2015;Moura et al, 2016;Nunes et al, 2016). Also, they emphasize that the results of toxicological analyses are the basis for preparation or modification of documents that regulate the basic composition and the daily intake rate or consumption of semi-processed and processed foods (Brasil, 2007;Moura et al, 2016;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential of UHT whole milk

2017

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This study evaluated the action at the cellular level of long life whole milk, full type of six renowned companies operating in the Brazilian market, as well as in other South American countries. The evaluation was performed using root meristem cells of Allium cepa L., at exposure times 24 and 48 hours, directly in milk products marketed. The results indicated that all the milk samples reduced root meristem cell proliferation, proving, in this study, a significant cytotoxic effect. Still, exposure to milk resulted in a significant frequency of mitotic spindle changes in meristem cells, characterizing these foods as genotoxic and mutagenic under the study conditions. It can be concluded that the long life milk samples caused significant genetic instability to cells of the examined tissue. The results obtained for cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic action of these long life milks are of great relevance because, to date, there are no published toxicity studies on such foods and food additives present in the composition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential of UHT whole milk

2017

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“…To evaluate the action of these three flavorings, we also used root meristem cells of A. cepa to achieve more detailed data about their toxicity at the cell level. This test system is widely used in the screening of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of chemicals (Herrero et al 2012) and has satisfactory similarity to results with other test organisms (Arung et al 2011, Gomes et al 2013. Table II High doses of diacetyl are cytotoxic because of its potential to replace thymine with guanine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Are salty liquid food flavorings in vitro antitumor substances?

Carvalho

Moura

Rodrigues

et al. 2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative, cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of salty liquid synthetic flavorings of Butter, Cheddar Cheese and Onion. The antiproliferative potential (2.9-1500 µg/mL) was assessed by MTT assay after 72h using the human tumor lines SF-295 (glioblastoma), OVCAR-8 (ovarian), HCT-116 (colon) and HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia) and primary cultures of murine Sarcoma 180 (S180) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Allium cepa bulbs were exposed to growing respective doses (1 mL and 2 mL). Only Butter and Cheddar flavorings revealed cytotoxic activity on cancer cells, with IC 50 values ranging from 125.4 µg/mL (Cheddar -HCT-116) to 402.6 µg/mL (Butter -OVCAR-8). Butter flavoring was the most cytotoxic on PBMC (136.3 µg/mL) and increased cell division rate in relation to the mitotic index but did not cause cellular aberrations. Onion and Cheddar flavorings reduced the mitotic index after 24h and 48h exposure, but only Onion flavoring resulted in cellular aberrations and mitotic spindle abnormalities, such as anaphase and telophase bridges, micronucleated cells, conchicine-metaphases and amplifications. So, Butter, Onion and/or Cheddar flavorings caused significant changes in the division of meristematic cells of A. cepa and presented cytotoxic action even on decontrolled proliferating human tumor cells.

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“…Globalization and the development of new technologies have caused significant changes in the eating habits of the population, which, in recent decades, has gradually introduced foods rich in chemical additives into the everyday life (Gomes et al, 2013;Moura et al, 2016). Among these substances, also called microingredients, are the flavorings, essential for the food industry for conferring specific sensory properties of taste and smell to processed foods (Xu et al, 2015;Marques et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of synthetic flavorings, nature identical and artificial, to hematopoietic tissue cells of rodents

et al. 2017

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The goal of this study was to analyze cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity to bone marrow cells of mice of nature identical synthetic flavorings, passion fruit and strawberry, and artificial synthetic flavorings, vanilla, chocolate, tutti-frutti and cookie, at doses 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 5.0 and 10.0 mL/kg. The additives were given to the animals by gavage in a single daily application for seven days. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post Tukey's post hoc test, p <0.05. Animals treated with 2.0; 5.0 and 10.0 mL/Kg of flavorings chocolate, strawberry and cookie, and 5.0 and 10.0 mL/Kg of flavorings vanilla and passion fruit died on the fifth and sixth day of the experiment, respectively. The doses 0.5 and 1.0 mL/Kg of the six additives significantly reduced erythropoiesis in the examined tissue. Also, treatments 0.5 and 1.0 mL/Kg of chocolate, and 1.0 mL/Kg of strawberry and biscuit induced the formation of micronuclei in the bone marrow erythrocytes, at a significant frequency. Therefore, under the study conditions, the six microingredients analyzed were cytotoxic and genotoxic, and additives strawberry, chocolate and cookie were also mutagenic in at least one of the evaluated doses.Keywords: aroma and flavor adittive, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, bone marrow. Toxicidade de aromatizantes alimentares sintéticos idênticos aos naturais e artificiais a células de tecido hematopoiético de roedores ResumoOs aromatizantes são essenciais para a indústria na confecção de alimentos industrializados. Porém, pouco se sabe sobre o potencial tóxico desses microingredientes alimentares. Dessa forma, objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar, em células de medula óssea de camundongos, a citotoxicidade, genotoxicidade e mutagenicidade de aromatizantes alimentares sintéticos idênticos ao natural, de maracujá e morango, e artificiais, de baunilha, chocolate, tutti-frutti e biscoito, nas doses 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 5,0 e 10,0 mL/Kg. Os aditivos foram administrados aos animais via gavagem em aplicação diária única durante sete dias. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao procedimento estatístico ANOVA com pós teste de Tukey, com p < 0.05. Os animais tratados com 2,0; 5,0 e 10,0 mL/Kg dos aromatizantes de chocolate, morango e biscoito, e 5,0 e 10,0 mL/Kg dos aromatizantes de baunilha e maracujá vieram a óbito no quinto e sexto dia de experimento, respectivamente. As doses 0,5 e 1,0 mL/Kg dos seis aditivos reduziram significativamente a eritropoiese do tecido analisado. Ainda, os tratamentos 0,5 e 1,0 mL/kg de chocolate, e 1,0 mL/Kg de morango e biscoito induziram a formação de micronúcleos aos eritrócitos de medula em frequência significante. Portanto, nas condições de estudo estabelecidas, os seis microingredientes analisados foram citotóxico e genotóxicos, e os aditivos de morango, chocolate e biscoito também foram mutagênicos em pelo menos uma das doses avaliadas.Palavras-chave: aditivo de aroma e sabor, citotoxicidade, genotoxicidade, mutagenicidade, medula óssea.

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Citotoxicity of food dyes sunset yellow (E-110), bordeaux red (E-123), and tatrazine yellow (E-102) on Allium cepa L. root meristematic cells

Cited by 66 publications

References 29 publications

Cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential of UHT whole milk

Cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential of UHT whole milk

Are salty liquid food flavorings in vitro antitumor substances?

Toxicity of synthetic flavorings, nature identical and artificial, to hematopoietic tissue cells of rodents

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