Effect of silybin on high-fat-induced fatty liver in rats

Yao, Jiayin; Mao, Zhi; Chen, Minhu

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500083

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Moreover, silybin enhanced the gene and protein expression of adiponectin and inhibited those of resistin. These results suggest that mitochondrial membrane stabilization, oxidative stress inhibition, and improved insulin resistance may be the essential mechanisms for the hepatoprotective effect of silybin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Silybin combined with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

Loguercio

Andreone

Brisc

et al. 2012

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

204

137

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The only currently recommended treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is lifestyle modification. Preliminary studies of silybin showed beneficial effects on liver function. Realsil (RA) comprises the silybin phytosome complex (silybin plus phosphatidylcholine) coformulated with vitamin E. We report on a multicenter, phase III, double-blind clinical trial to assess RA in patients with histologically documented NAFLD. Patients were randomized 1:1 to RA or placebo (P) orally twice daily for 12 months. Prespecified primary outcomes were improvement over time in clinical condition, normalization of liver enzyme plasma levels, and improvement of ultrasonographic liver steatosis, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), and quality of life. Secondary outcomes were improvement in liver histologic score and/or decrease in NAFLD score without worsening of fibrosis and plasma changes in cytokines, ferritin, and liver fibrosis markers. We treated 179 patients with NAFLD; 36 were also HCV positive. Forty-one patients were prematurely withdrawn and 138 patients analyzed per protocol (69 per group). Baseline patient characteristics were generally well balanced between groups, except for steatosis, portal infiltration, and fibrosis. Adverse events (AEs) were generally transient and included diarrhea, dysgeusia, and pruritus; no serious AEs were recorded. Patients receiving RA but not P showed significant improvements in liver enzyme plasma levels, HOMA, and liver histology. Body mass index normalized in 15% of RA patients (2.1% with P). HCV-positive patients in the RA but not the P group showed improvements in fibrogenesis markers. This is the first study to systematically assess silybin in NAFLD patients. Treatment with RA but not P for 12 months was associated with Free

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Silybin combined with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

Loguercio

Andreone

Brisc

et al. 2012

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

204

137

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“…As discussed above, oxidative stress can regulate the formation of the Atg12-Atg5/Atg16 heterotrimer; we speculated that the ability of S0 and S3 to inhibit the formation of the Atg12-Atg5/Atg16 heterotrimer was related to their antioxidant activities, because S0 had been reported to possess antioxidant activity (37,38). In our study, we investigated the effects of S0 and S3 on IAV-induced oxidative stress and found that after IAV infection, MDA, NO, and OH Ϫ were significantly increased, whereas GSH, T-SOD, GR, and CAT were significantly decreased, but S0 and S3 could significantly inhibit the oxidative stress induced by IAV infection (Table 1).…”

Section: S0 and S3 Can Inhibit The Formation Of The Atg12-atg5/atg16 mentioning

confidence: 92%

Identification of 23-( S )-2-Amino-3-Phenylpropanoyl-Silybin as an Antiviral Agent for Influenza A Virus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo

Dai

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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It has been reported that autophagy is involved in the replication of many viruses. In this study, we screened 89 medicinal plants, using an assay based on the inhibition of the formation of the Atg12-Atg5/Atg16 heterotrimer, an important regulator of autophagy, and selected Silybum marianum L. for further study. An antiviral assay indicated that silybin (S0), the major active compound of S. marianum L., can inhibit influenza A virus (IAV) infection. We later synthesized 5 silybin derivatives (S1 through S5) and found that 23-(S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl-silybin (S3) had the best activity. When we compared the polarities of the substituent groups, we found that the hydrophobicity of the substituent groups was positively correlated with their activities. We further studied the mechanisms of action of these compounds and determined that S0 and S3 also inhibited both the formation of the Atg12-Atg5/Atg16 heterotrimer and the elevated autophagy induced by IAV infection. In addition, we found that S0 and S3 could inhibit several components induced by IAV infection, including oxidative stress, the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and IB kinase (IKK) pathways, and the expression of autophagic genes, especially Atg7 and Atg3. All of these components have been reported to be related to the formation of the Atg12-Atg5/Atg16 heterotrimer, which might validate our screening strategy. Finally, we demonstrated that S3 can significantly reduce influenza virus replication and the associated mortality in infected mice. In conclusion, we identified 23-(S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl-silybin as a promising inhibitor of IAV infection.

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“…In this current study, the FBG, fasting insulin as well as HOMA-IR were significantly increased in group I when compared to other treated groups, however, dandelion and milk thistle alone or combined improved insulin sensitivity, as demonstrated by a significant reduction in serum insulin and glucose levels as well as HOMA-IR specially in group IV. This can be explained that both herbs together can activate adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in liver which is resulted in significantly suppression of lipid accumulation in the liver, improve insulin resistance as previously reported (Hardie, 2011;Yao et al, 2011;Mingarro et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…dandelion, milk thistle and dandelion/milk thistle combination significantly reduced the elevated liver TAG content in group I when compared to treated groups with best results were obtained in dandelion/milk thistle combination group as herbal supplementation can reduce intestinal absorption level of dietary lipid, thereby decreasing serum and hepatic TAG (Yao et al, 2011;Mingarro et al, 2015). Insulin resistance may play an important role in the development of NAFLD (Bugianesi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Taraxacum officinale</i> and <i>Silybum marianum</i> alone or combined orchestrate experimentally induced hepatic steatosis through lipogenecity, glucose tolerance and oxidant/antioxidant status

Soliman¹,

El-Dardiry²

2015

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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Natural products with a long history of safety can modulate obesity. Taraxacum officinale, known as (dandelion) and Silybum marianum known as (milk thistle) have garnered attention for their antioxidant and antiobesity activities. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential role of dandelion and milk thistle alone or combined against high fat diet (HFD) induced steatohepatitis. 60 male albino rats which were equally subdivided into four groups: group I was received only HFD, other groups (II, III, IV) were received dandelion, milk thistle or dandelion/milk thistle combination respectively for 8 weeks alongside HFD. Insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, lipogenesis and antioxidant capacity were evaluated in the liver tissue. HFD fed rats exhibited increased insulin resistance-related biomarkers, H 2 O 2 level, mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) as well as fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity with decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) level. Herbal supplementation improved those results with best results were for dandelion/milk thistle combination group. Results were confirmed with histopathological examination. Both dandelion and milk thistle alone or combined improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, decreased lipogenesis and increased antioxidant capacity with best results obtained in dandelion/milk thistle combination group, implying a potential application in the treatment of hepatic steatosis associated obesity.

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Effect of silybin on high-fat-induced fatty liver in rats

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Silybin combined with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

Silybin combined with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

Identification of 23-( S )-2-Amino-3-Phenylpropanoyl-Silybin as an Antiviral Agent for Influenza A Virus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo

<i>Taraxacum officinale</i> and <i>Silybum marianum</i> alone or combined orchestrate experimentally induced hepatic steatosis through lipogenecity, glucose tolerance and oxidant/antioxidant status

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