Gadolinium increases the vascular reactivity of rat aortic rings

Angeli, Jully Kely; Ramos, Denise Barbosa; Casali, Émerson André; Souza, Diogo O.; Sarkis, João José Freitas; Stefanon, Ivanita; Vassallo, Dalton Valentim; Fürstenau, Cristina Ribas

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500044

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The functional testing of the aortic rings was performed as previously described. 16 Briefly, 4 mm-long segments of thoracic aorta were mounted in an isolated tissue chamber containing Krebs-Henseleit solution (in mM: 118 NaCl; 4.7 KCl; 23 NaHCO 3 ; 2.5 CaCl 2 ; 1.2 KH 2 PO 4 ; 1.2 MgSO 4 ; 11 glucose and 0.01 EDTA), gassed with 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 , and maintained at a resting tension of 1 g at 37ºC. The isometric tension was recorded using an isometric force transducer (TSD125C, CA, USA) that was connected to an acquisition system (MP100 Biopac Systems, Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single Resistance Exercise Session Improves Aortic Endothelial Function in Hypertensive Rats

Faria¹,

Angeli²,

Mello³

et al. 2017

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

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BackgroundPhysical exercise is an important tool for the improvement of endothelial function.ObjectiveTo assess the effects of acute dynamic resistance exercise on the endothelial function of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).MethodsTen minutes after exercise, the aorta was removed to evaluate the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS1177) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and to generate concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh) and to phenylephrine (PHE). The PHE protocol was also performed with damaged endothelium and before and after NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and indomethacin administration. The maximal response (Emax) and the sensitivity (EC50) to these drugs were evaluated.Results ACh-induced relaxation increased in the aortic rings of exercised (Ex) rats (Emax= -80 ± 4.6%, p < 0.05) when compared to those of controls (Ct) (Emax = -50 ± 6.8%). The Emax to PHE was decreased following exercise conditions (95 ± 7.9%, p < 0.05) when compared to control conditions (120 ± 4.2%). This response was abolished after L-NAME administration or endothelial damage. In the presence of indomethacin, the aortic rings' reactivity to PHE was decreased in both groups (EC50= Ex -5.9 ± 0.14 vs. Ct -6.6 ± 0.33 log µM, p < 0.05 / Emax = Ex 9.5 ± 2.9 vs. Ct 17 ± 6.2%, p < 0.05). Exercise did not alter the expression of eNOS and iNOS, but increased the level of p-eNOS.ConclusionA single resistance exercise session improves endothelial function in hypertensive rats. This response seems to be mediated by increased NO production through eNOS activation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single Resistance Exercise Session Improves Aortic Endothelial Function in Hypertensive Rats

Faria¹,

Angeli²,

Mello³

et al. 2017

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

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“…Gadolinium blocks ATP and ADP hydrolysis, increases the vascular reactivity of rat aortic rings to phenylephrine via stimulation of angiotensin II AT1 receptors, and reduces nitric oxide bioavailability (Angeli et al 2011 ). Incubation of rat aortic rings in 3 µM gadolinium results in an increase in ATP-induced vasorelaxation, indicating a reduction in ATP hydrolysis.…”

Section: Review Of Gadolinium Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gadolinium-based contrast agent toxicity: a review of known and proposed mechanisms

2016

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Gadolinium chelates are widely used as contrast media for magnetic resonance imaging. The approved gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have historically been considered safe and well tolerated when used at recommended dosing levels. However, for nearly a decade, an association between GBCA administration and the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) has been recognized in patients with severe renal impairment. This has led to modifications in clinical practices aimed at reducing the potential and incidence of NSF development. Newer reports have emerged regarding the accumulation of gadolinium in various tissues of patients who do not have renal impairment, including bone, brain, and kidneys. Despite the observations of gadolinium accumulation in tissues regardless of renal function, very limited clinical data regarding the potential for and mechanisms of toxicity is available. This significant gap in knowledge warrants retrospective cohort study efforts, as well as prospective studies that involve gadolinium ion (Gd3+) testing in patients exposed to GBCA. This review examines the potential biochemical and molecular basis of gadolinium toxicity, possible clinical significance of gadolinium tissue retention and accumulation, and methods that can limit gadolinium body burden.

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“…The effects on the phenylephrine response of all three metals, acutely administered, were dependent on the integrity of this vascular layer. Thus, when the endothelium is removed their actions are abolished (25,56,57). This endothelial dependence is observed for low and high concentrations of mercury and lead.…”

Section: Role Of the Endothelium In The Effects Of Mercury Lead And mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…This endothelial dependence is observed for low and high concentrations of mercury and lead. The only effect reported thus far for gadolinium was obtained with a concentration of 3 µM (56).…”

Section: Role Of the Endothelium In The Effects Of Mercury Lead And mentioning

confidence: 97%

Toxic effects of mercury, lead and gadolinium on vascular reactivity

Vassallo

Simões

Furieri

et al. 2011

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Heavy metals have been used in a wide variety of human activities that have significantly increased both professional and environmental exposure. Unfortunately, disasters have highlighted the toxic effects of metals on different organs and systems. Over the last 50 years, the adverse effects of chronic lead, mercury and gadolinium exposure have been underscored. Mercury and lead induce hypertension in humans and animals, affecting endothelial function in addition to their other effects. Increased cardiovascular risk after exposure to metals has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms, mainly for short periods of time and at low concentrations, have not been well explored. The presence of other metals such as gadolinium has raised concerns about contrast-induced nephropathy and, interestingly, despite this negative action, gadolinium has not been defined as a toxic agent. The main actions of these metals, demonstrated in animal and human studies, are an increase of free radical production and oxidative stress and stimulation of angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity, among others. Increased vascular reactivity, highlighted in the present review, resulting from these actions might be an important mechanism underlying increased cardiovascular risk. Finally, the results described in this review suggest that mercury, lead and gadolinium, even at low doses or concentrations, affect vascular reactivity. Acting via the endothelium, by continuous exposure followed by their absorption, they can increase the production of free radicals and of angiotensin II, representing a hazard for cardiovascular function. In addition, the actual reference values, considered to pose no risk, need to be reducedResearch supported by CAPES and CNPq/FAPES/ FUNCITEC (#39767531/07), Brazil, and MCINN (#SAF 2009-07201) and ISCIII (Red RECAVA, #RD06/0014/0011), Spai

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Gadolinium increases the vascular reactivity of rat aortic rings

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

A Single Resistance Exercise Session Improves Aortic Endothelial Function in Hypertensive Rats

A Single Resistance Exercise Session Improves Aortic Endothelial Function in Hypertensive Rats

Gadolinium-based contrast agent toxicity: a review of known and proposed mechanisms

Toxic effects of mercury, lead and gadolinium on vascular reactivity

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