Maternal undernutrition and the offspring kidney: from fetal to adult life

Mesquita, Flávia Fernandes; Gontijo, José Antônio Rocha; Bôer, Patrícia Aline

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2010007500113

Cited by 64 publications

(138 citation statements)

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“…In the present study, previously observed for us in the LP model study, 11,12 was found a higher AngII AT1/AT2 receptor ratio expression in FR50% offspring when compared with NF kidneys. Since both AT1 and AT2 receptors are expressed in arteriolar and glomerular cells, 27 these may modulate the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate 27,28 increasing the fractional filtration rate, at least partially responsible for enhanced sodium reabsorption in proximal segments of the nephron in FR50% rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…We also found in FR50% animals, a graded and significant increase in blood pressure from the sixth week of life while, in LP offspring, the enhanced blood pressure was observed beyond the 12th week of age. 11,12 The current study also has demonstrated a reduction of 35% in the nephron number, against a 27% reduction in the LP model. 12,22 There is evidence that insult such as maternal food restriction, alters the total number of nephrons and also causes late-onset hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Creatinine and lithium clearance were performed as standard methodology. 12,20 Calculations and biochemical analysis Plasma and urinary sodium, potassium, and lithium concentrations were measured by flame photometry (B262; Micronal, São Paulo, Brazil). Creatinine was determined spectrophotometrically (362; Micronal, São Paulo, Brazil) by the alkaline picrate method.…”

Section: Renal Function Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal kidney programming by severe food restriction: Effects on structure, hormonal receptor expression and urinary sodium excretion in rats

Vaccari

Mesquita

Gontijo

et al. 2013

J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst

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Introduction: The present study investigates, in 23-day-old and adult male rats, the effect of severe food restriction in utero on blood pressure (BP), and its association with nephron structure and function changes, angiotensin II (AT1R/ AT2R), glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptor expression. Materials and methods:The daily food supply to pregnant rats was measured and one group (n=15) received normal quantity of food (NF) while the other received 50% of that (FR50%) (n=15). Kidneys were processed to AT1R, AT2R, MR, and GR immunolocalization and for western blotting analysis. The renal function was estimated by creatinine and lithium clearances in 12-week-old offspring. Results: By stereological analyses, FR50% offspring present a reduction of nephron numbers (35%) with unchanged renal volume. Expression of AT1R and AT2R was significantly decreased in FR50% while the expression of GR and MR increased in FR50%. We also verified a pronounced decrease in urinary sodium excretion accompanied by increased BP in 12-week-old FR50% offspring. Conclusion:The current data suggest that changes in renal function are conducive to excess sodium tubule reabsorption, and this might potentiate the programming of adult hypertension. It is plausible to arise in the current study an association between decreasing natriuresis, reciprocal changes in renal AngII and steroid receptors with the hypertension development found in FR50% compared with age-matched NF offspring.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Renal Function Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fetal kidney programming by severe food restriction: Effects on structure, hormonal receptor expression and urinary sodium excretion in rats

Vaccari

Mesquita

Gontijo

et al. 2013

J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst

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“…Excessive glucocorticoid exposure causes major structural and metabolic alterations in numerous tissues during the period of tissue plasticity that actually represent an adaptive fetal response with permanent consequences (53). For example, glucocorticoids affect the development of the kidney by reducing the number of nephrons, influence the activity of the rennin-angiotensin system and vascular responsiveness to angiotensin II, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases or hypertension in offspring subject to excessive glucocorticoid exposure during in utero development (54). Exposure to high glucocorticoid levels leads to a reduction of the insulin producing cells mass and their functional capacity during the fetal period.…”

Section: Antenatal Treatment and Fetal Hpa Axis Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, longterm neurodevelopmental changes might be provoked with adverse effects on neuromotor and cognitive functions, causing behavioral problems, even attention deficit hyperactivity disorders during adolescence (53)(54)(55)(56)(57). Even schizophrenia, anxiety or autistic disorders may be explained by the developmental origin of the disease hypothesis concept (58).…”

Section: Antenatal Treatment and Fetal Hpa Axis Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal Treatment with Glucocorticoids and the Hypotalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis

Manojlović‐Stojanoski¹,

Ristić²,

Singh³

et al. 2014

Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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SummaryFetal development is a critical period in the life cycle which is why the placenta provides a structural and physiological barrier that protects the fetus from the outer fluctuations and inner disturbances. A variety of influences from the environment, however, might induce fetal overexposure to glucocorticoids that target the fetal hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis and influence the fetal growth trajectory. Development of the HPA axis starts in the early stages of pregnancy, but the timing of HPA axis maturation and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in relation to birth is highly species-specific. The functional state of the fetal HPA axis plays a key role in the maturation of many organs necessary for intrauterine development and existence after birth. A functional HPA axis in near-term fetuses provides an adequate response to stress and also affects the timing of parturition. Due to their potent effect on the maturation of fetal tissues, synthetic glucocorticoids are used in human pregnancy at risk of preterm delivery. Dexamethasone and betamethasone, as the ones most commonly used, cross the placental enzymatic barrier (11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 -11b-HSD2) and have 25-fold higher affinity to the GR than endogenous glucocorticoids, stimulating many aspects of fetal maturation. Despite the numerous positive effects, exposure to synthetic glucocorticoids during fetal development may result in intrauterine growth retardation and fetal programming of the HPA axis function which is associated with cardiovascular, metabolic and psychiatric disorders manifested later in life. Long-term consequences indicate the need for the implementation of new studies that will pro- Kratak sadr`ajFetalni razvoj predstavlja kriti~an period tokom `ivotnog ci klusa, zbog ~ega placenta obezbe|uje strukturnu i fiziolo{ku barijeru koja {titi fetus od spolja{njih kolebanja i unutra{njih poreme}aja. Brojni uticaji iz okru`enja mogu dovesti do izlaganja fetusa povi{enoj koncentraciji glukokor tikoida koji deluju na fetalnu hipotalamo-hipofiznoadrenalnu (HPA) oso vinu i uti~u na rast. Razvoj HPA osovine po~inje veoma rano tokom gestacije, ali vreme njenog sazrevanja i ekspresije glukokortikoidnog receptora (GR) u odnosu na ro|enje je specifi~no za svaku vrstu. Fetalna HPA osovina ima klju~nu ulogu u sazrevanju brojnih organa tokom intrauterinog raz voja neophodnih za pre`ivljavanje nakon ro|enja, obezbe |uje adekvatan odgovor fetusa na stres, a uti~e i na vreme poro|aja. Usled sna`nog uticaja na sazrevanje fetalnih tkiva, sintetski glukokortikoidi se upotrebljavaju tokom rizi~nih trudno}a kod kojih postoji opasnost od prevremenog poro|aja. Deksametazon i betametazon, kao naj~e{}e kori{}eni lekovi u antenatalnoj terapiji, prolaze enzimsku placentalnu barijeru (11b-hidroksisteroid dehidrogenaza tip 2 -11b-HSD2) i imaju 25 puta ve}i afinitet vezivanja za GR u odnosu na endogene gluko kortikoide, stimuli{u}i mnoge procese sazrevanja fetusa. Uprkos brojnim pozitivnim efektima, izlaganje sintetskim glukokorti...

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“Three Hits” Hypothesis for Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases in View of Cardiovascular Abnormalities

Zhang

Pan

et al. 2017

Birth Defects Research

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"Fetal Origins of Adult Diseases" (FOAD) or "Barker hypothesis," also known as the developmental origins of health and diseases (DoHaD), was initially proposed by David Barker in the 1980s. Progress in past 2 to 3 decades demonstrated that many adult disorders, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cancer, and others, could be linked to poor development resulting from in utero insults. Utero-environments play a critical role in fetal development. Because the placenta and umbilical cord are the only important connections between the fetus and mother in the uterus, this review pays special attention to recent research and progress in the study of the relationship between those tissues and FOAD. We discuss the conception and possible underlying mechanisms of FOAD, and focus on cardiovascular diseases and epigenetic mechanisms. This review also summarizes physiology, pathology, and the important roles of fetoplacental vasculature, which might contribute to FOAD as initiators. We proposed the "Three hits" hypothesis that highlights the importance of intrauterine and early postnatal factors as contributors to FOAD, which could be significant for early prevention and treatments of FOAD. Birth Defects Research 109:744-757, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Maternal undernutrition and the offspring kidney: from fetal to adult life

Cited by 64 publications

References 64 publications

Fetal kidney programming by severe food restriction: Effects on structure, hormonal receptor expression and urinary sodium excretion in rats

Fetal kidney programming by severe food restriction: Effects on structure, hormonal receptor expression and urinary sodium excretion in rats

Antenatal Treatment with Glucocorticoids and the Hypotalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis

“Three Hits” Hypothesis for Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases in View of Cardiovascular Abnormalities

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