Endothelial cells, tissue factor and infectious diseases

Abstract

Tissue factor is a transmembrane procoagulant glycoprotein and a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. It activates the extrinsic coagulation pathway, and induces the formation of a fibrin clot. Tissue factor is important for both normal homeostasis and the development of many thrombotic diseases. A wide variety of cells are able to synthesize and express tissue factor, including monocytes, granulocytes, platelets and endothelial cells. Tissue factor expression can be induced by cell surface components of pathogenic microorganisms, proinflammatory cytokines and membrane microparticles released from activated host cells. Tissue factor plays an important role in initiating thrombosis associated with inflammation during infection, sepsis, and organ transplant rejection. Recent findings suggest that tissue factor can also function as a receptor and thus may be important in cell signaling. The present minireview will focus on the role of tissue factor in the pathogenesis of septic shock, infectious endocarditis and invasive aspergillosis, as determined by both in vivo and in vitro models. Correspondence

Aqueous garlic extract protects against sepsis induced toxicity in pulmonary and ileal tissues

“…The magnitude of disruption in homeostasis is influenced by the virulence of the causative pathogens and the host's response to the infection (31)(32)(33). In this regard, the results of the present study are consistent with the above-mentioned hemostatic disturbance in sepsis.…”

Altered Biochemical Parameters in the Saliva of Patients with Breast Cancer

“…Under our experimental conditions, the saliva samples of patients group showed the retarded mobility of the 66-kDa proteins and the increased proteins of about 36 kDa, which led us to infer that the proteins of 66 kDa can undergo a process that causes an increase in their molecular mass or changes in their synthesis or post-translational changes. Since up-regulation of plasma TF concentration has been shown in breast cancer patients, increased bands in the saliva of breast cancer patients, may correspond to increased TF since TF is a 47 kDa glycoprotein (Lopes-Bezerra and Filler 2003).…”

Pharmacological characterization of anaphylaxis-like shock responses induced in mice by mannan and lipopolysaccharide

“…Mannan (Man) is the major cell-surface component of fungi, and it has been supposed that Man is recognized by the host's innate immune system [14,17,19]. Activation of the coagulation pathway (including platelets), with the development of a fibrin clot, is an early event in the development of many thrombotic diseases, including endocarditis [20,21]. Interestingly, like LPS, extracts from yeast cells or preparations of Man induce ALS when injected intravenously into mice [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”