The early facilitatory effect of a peripheral spatially noninformative prime stimulus depends on target stimulus features

Azevedo, Elizabeth; Squella, S.A.F.; Ribeiro-do-Valle, L.E.

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2001000600017

Cited by 10 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The early facilitatory effect of the prime stimulus observed here in the go/no-go task performed first confirms previous literature data (e.g., 13) and results from our own laboratory (10). Its magnitude (22 ms), although not large, is still in the range of the magnitudes seen in other experiments from our laboratory.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The present finding extends previous results from our laboratory (10). The early facilitatory effect of the prime stimulus does not decrease significantly either when this stimulus is repeated many times in a single session or when it is repeated many times along three sessions separated by at least one day.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In a previous study we did not observe any reduction of the early facilitatory effect of the prime stimulus in a go/no-go task across eight blocks of trials (512 repetitions of the stimulus) (10). As the volunteers in Experiments 1 and 2 of the present study were exposed to only 128 repetitions of the prime stimulus in the first task, they should not have had enough exposure to this stimulus to habituate to it.…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…We used stimulatory conditions identical to those described in a previous study (10) to induce a robust early facilitatory effect in the go/no-go task. We expected that an early facilitatory effect would occur in both tasks, though smaller in the simple task than in the go/no-go task, and that this effect would be about the same whether the task is performed first or second.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Priming effects of a peripheral visual stimulus in simple and go/no-go tasks

Squella

Ribeiro-do-Valle

2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The early facilitatory effect of a peripheral spatially visual prime stimulus described in the literature for simple reaction time tasks has been usually smaller than that described for complex (go/no-go, choice) reaction time tasks. In the present study we investigated the reason for this difference. In a first and a second experiment we tested the participants in both a simple task and a go/no-go task, half of them beginning with one of these tasks and half with the other one. We observed that the prime stimulus had an early effect, inhibitory for the simple task and facilitatory for the go/no-go task, when the task was performed first. No early effect appeared when the task was performed second. In a third and a fourth experiment the participants were, respectively, tested in the simple task and in the go/no-go task for four sessions (the prime stimulus was presented in the second, third and fourth sessions). The early effects of the prime stimulus did not change across the sessions, suggesting that a habituatory process was not the cause for the disappearance of these effects in the first two experiments. Our findings are compatible with the idea that different attentional strategies are adopted in simple and complex reaction time tasks. In the former tasks the gain of automatic attention mechanisms may be adjusted to a low level and in the latter tasks, to a high level. The attentional influence of the prime stimulus may be antagonized by another influence, possibly a masking one.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Priming effects of a peripheral visual stimulus in simple and go/no-go tasks

Squella

Ribeiro-do-Valle

2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

Self Cite

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“…The overall absence of difference between reaction times to the line and the cross in both testing sessions of this experiment replicates and extends previous results obtained in our laboratory (Azevedo et al, 2001;Macéa et al, 2006). As already mentioned, similar reaction times to the two stimuli have been obtained in the first testing session of other experiments by our group.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of separate and mixed experimental designs on reaction times to two simple visual stimuli.

Bruder

Ribeiro-do-Valle

2009

Psychology & Neuroscience

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Testing contexts have been shown to critically influence experimental results in psychophysical studies. One of these contexts that show important modulation of the behavioral effects of different stimulatory conditions is the separate (blocked) or mixed presentation of these stimulatory conditions. The study presents evidence that the apparent discriminabilities of two target stimuli can change according to which of these two testing contexts is used. A cross inside a ring and a vertical line inside a ring were presented as go stimuli in a go/no-go reaction time task. In one experiment, each of these stimuli was presented to a different group of volunteers and in another experiment they were presented to the same group of volunteers, randomly mixed in the blocks of trials. Similar reaction times were obtained for the two stimuli in the first experiment, and different reaction times (faster for the cross) in the second experiment. The latter result indicates that the two stimuli have different discriminabilities from the no-go stimulus; the cross having greater discriminability. This difference is however masked, presumably by the adoption of specific compensatory attentional sets, in a separate testing context.

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Endogenous-like orienting of visual attention in rats

Marote

Xavier

2011

Anim Cogn

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This study investigated the orienting of visual attention in rats using a 3-hole nose-poke task analogous to Posner, Information processing in cognition: the Loyola Symposium, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, (1980) covert attention task for humans. The effects of non-predictive (50% valid and 50% invalid) and predictive (80% valid and 20% invalid) peripheral visual cues on reaction times and response accuracy to a target stimulus, using Stimuli-Onset Asynchronies (SOAs) varying between 200 and 1,200 ms, were investigated. The results showed shorter reaction times in valid trials relative to invalid trials for both subjects trained in the non-predictive and predictive conditions, particularly when the SOAs were 200 and 400 ms. However, the magnitude of this validity effect was significantly greater for subjects exposed to predictive cues, when the SOA was 800 ms. Subjects exposed to invalid predictive cues exhibited an increase in omission errors relative to subjects exposed to invalid non-predictive cues. In contrast, valid cues reduced the proportion of omission errors for subjects trained in the predictive condition relative to subjects trained in the non-predictive condition. These results are congruent with those usually reported for humans and indicate that, in addition to the exogenous capture of attention promoted by both predictive and non-predictive peripheral cues, rats exposed to predictive cues engaged an additional slower process equivalent to human's endogenous orienting of attention. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an endogenous-like process of covert orienting of visual attention in rats.

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The early facilitatory effect of a peripheral spatially noninformative prime stimulus depends on target stimulus features

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Priming effects of a peripheral visual stimulus in simple and go/no-go tasks

Priming effects of a peripheral visual stimulus in simple and go/no-go tasks

Influence of separate and mixed experimental designs on reaction times to two simple visual stimuli.

Endogenous-like orienting of visual attention in rats

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