Measurement of intestinal permeability using mannitol and lactulose in children with diarrheal diseases

Abstract

The excretion ratio of lactulose/mannitol in urine has been used to assess the extension of malabsorption and impairment of intestinal permeability. The recovery of lactulose and mannitol in urine was employed to evaluate intestinal permeability in children with and without diarrhea. Lactulose and mannitol probes were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPLC-PAD). Two groups of solutions containing 60 µM sugars were prepared. Group I consisted of glucosamine, mannitol, melibiose and lactulose, and group II of inositol, sorbitol, glucose and lactose. In the study of intra-experiment variation, a sample of 50 µl from each group was submitted to 4 successive determinations. The recovered amounts and retention times of each sugar showed a variation <2 and 1%, respectively. The estimated recovery was >97%. In the study of inter-experiment variation, we prepared 4 independent samples from groups I and II at the following concentrations: 1.0, 0.3, 0.1, 0.03 and 0.01 mM. The amounts of the sugars recovered varied by <10%, whereas the retention times showed an average variation <1%. The linear correlation coefficients were >99%. Retention (k'), selectivity (=) and efficiency (N) were used to assess the chromatographic conditions. All three parameters were in the normal range. Children with diarrhea presented a greater lactulose/mannitol ratio compared to children without diarrhea. Correspondence

Cluster-randomised controlled trials of individual and combined water, sanitation, hygiene and nutritional interventions in rural Bangladesh and Kenya: the WASH Benefits study design and rationale

“…We will compare groups for each domain independently and overall by summing scores across domains. In a subsample of up to 1500 children across four arms of each trial, we will measure EE biomarkers at 3, 12 and 24 months following intervention initiation (figure 2); assays planned include: urinary lactulose-to-mannitol ratio,103 faecal myeloperoxidase,104 faecal α-1-antitrypsin,105 faecal neopterin106 and plasma total IgG 37…”

Intestinal barrier function and serum concentrations of rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

“…Based on previous studies in Fortaleza [10,25], we would expect a 30% reduction in lactulose:mannitol ratio or drugs serum concentrations in cases compared to controls. We estimated a sample size of at least 23 for each group to detect a significant difference between these groups, using a power of 90% and a two-sided significant level of 5%.…”

“…The total urine collected for each individual was measured (mL) and an aliquot of 1.5 mL was preserved and stored at -80 °C until the amount of lactulose and mannitol could be measured by high performance liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPLC-PAD). The quality control HPLC-PAD method was based on previous work published elsewhere [25].…”

Effects of particle size and drying methods of corn on growth performance, digestibility and haematological and immunological characteristics of weaned piglets

“…Intestinal permeability was assessed on day 28 prior to weighting, using the lactulosemannitol differential absorption test (Barboza Jr. et al 1999). Lactulose and mannitol are non-toxic and are not metabolised or sequestered until in the caecum and quantitatively cleared by the kidney into the urine (Arrieta et al 2006).…”