Reproductive biology and cytology of Hypericum brasiliense Choisy (Hypericaceae)

Moraes, Izabel Cristina Freitas; Pinto-Maglio, Cecília Alzira Ferreira; Lombello, Ricardo A.

doi:10.1590/s0100-84042009000300013

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This diversity is mirrored by the great variety of ecological conditions occupied (for an overview see Crockett et al, 2010) and cytology; chromosome numbers range from (2n=) 8, 12, 16, 18, 22, 24, and 32 (Robson, 1987, 1990; Moraes et al, 2009), suggesting that polyploidization is involved in the evolution of Hypericum in South America. However, for only three species ( H. irazuense, H. silenoides, H. brasiliense ; multiple counts in the last) of Neotropical Hypericum have chromosome numbers been published (Robson, 1987, 1990; Moraes et al, 2009). This prevents comparative phylogenetic studies on the extent and distribution of polyploidy across the Neotropical species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosive radiation in high Andean Hypericum—rates of diversification among New World lineages

Nürk¹,

Scheriau²,

Madriñán³

2013

Front. Genet.

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The páramos, high-elevation Andean grasslands ranging from ca. 2800 m to the snow line, harbor one of the fastest evolving biomes worldwide since their appearance in the northern Andes 3–5 million years (Ma) ago. Hypericum (St. John's wort), with over 65% of its Neotropical species, has a center of diversity in these high Mountain ecosystems. Using nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of a broad sample of New World Hypericum species we investigate phylogenetic patterns, estimate divergence times, and provide the first insights into diversification rates within the genus in the Neotropics. Two lineages appear to have independently dispersed into South America around 3.5 Ma ago, one of which has radiated in the páramos (Brathys). We find strong support for the polyphyly of section Trigynobrathys, several species of which group within Brathys, while others are found in temperate lowland South America (Trigynobrathys s.str.). All páramo species of Hypericum group in one clade. Within these páramo Hypericum species enormous phenotypic evolution has taken place (life forms from arborescent to prostrate shrubs) evidently in a short time frame. We hypothesize multiple mechanisms to be responsible for the low differentiation in the ITS region contrary to the high morphological diversity found in Hypericum in the páramos. Amongst these may be ongoing hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting, as well as the putative adaptive radiation, which can explain the contrast between phenotypic diversity and the close phylogenetic relationships.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosive radiation in high Andean Hypericum—rates of diversification among New World lineages

Nürk¹,

Scheriau²,

Madriñán³

2013

Front. Genet.

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“…The developmental irregularities in the anthers of G. brasiliensis lead to the reduction of total pollen production of staminate flowers and the complete male sterility in pistillate flowers due to peri-and postmeiotic degeneration. According to Moraes et al (2009), in H. brasiliense the sterile anthers of the pistillate form exhibit a hypertrophied and disorganized tapetum, locules with an early presence of lipid precursors of the wall, and degenerate microspores. The simultaneous occurrence of these alterations led us to suggest that cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is the probable cause of the floral dimorphism observed in H. brasiliense.…”

Section: Differential Development Of the Androecium In Relation To Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Structure ofGarcinia brasiliensisin Relation to Flower Biology and Evolution

Leal

Malafaia

Cesar

et al. 2012

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Journal of Plant Sciences.Garcinia brasiliensis Mart., a species from the Amazon and Atlantic rainforests, is cryptic dioecious because the morphologically perfect flowers are in fact pistillate given the absence of pollen. The flowers present diurnal anthesis, have a sweet and mild scent, and are pollinated by bees in search of the nectar secreted by evident nectaries. The flowers of Clusiaceae bear nectaries of staminodial origin. In Garcinia, the nectaries have been interpreted as being of receptacular origin or as sterile reproductive organs. Our aim in this study was to analyze the nature of the indefinite perianth, the differential development of the androecium in relation to the sexual system, and the origin of the nectaries from the perspective of floral biology and evolution. Floral anatomy and ontogeny were analyzed using both LM and SEM. The species has bracteoles that surround the flower buds. The perianth consists of tepals that are very similar to the bracteoles and that show a centripetal and gradual decrease of mesophyll and cuticle thickness. Developmental irregularities in the anthers lead to a reduction of pollen production in staminate flowers and complete male sterility in pistillate flowers because of peri-and postmeiotic cell degeneration. Both floral forms have nectaries, the origin of which we discuss, leading to hypotheses about their nature.

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“…La familia Hypericaceae es reconocida por contar con plantas que poseen un alto valor medicinal (Moraes et al, 2009), está compuesta por hierbas, arbustos o arboles pequeños (Stevens, 2007). Dentro de esta familia se encuentra el género Hypericum, que está conformado por unas 488 especies que crecen en regiones templadas y subtropicales de todos los continentes (Slusarski et al, 2006;Robson, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Hypericum brasiliense Choisy es una de las especies en las que se han identificado compuestos químicos con acción antinflamatoria, analgésica y antidepresiva al igual que en H. perforatum (Mendes et al, 2002;Abreu et al, 2004;Perazzo et al, 2008;França et al, 2013;Vuko et al, 2021), pero también se demostró que H. brasiliense tiene actividad bactericida sobre una cepa clínica de Staphylococcus aureus (Pereira et al, 2021). Es una hierba que se desarrolla naturalmente en el sur de Brasil y noreste de Argentina (Slusarski et al, 2006;Keller & Crockett, 2015), que por sus propiedades medicinales es necesario aumentar el conocimiento de esta especie, estudiando las características de su biología reproductiva, para generar información base que sería de utilidad para crear y mantener bancos de germoplasma, los cuales pueden emplearse en programas de mejoramiento genético (Moraes et al, 2009). Consecuentemente resulta de importancia estudiar alternativas de multiplicación, como la propagación vegetativa, para propagar los ejemplares con mayor producción de metabolitos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Effect of substrate and naftalenacetic acid on vegetative propagation Hypericum brasiliense (Hypericacaceae)

Ortiz

Ramos-Hentz

Schamne

et al. 2021

Manglar

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Hypericum brasiliense es una hierba medicinal que contiene compuestos químicos, que pueden ser utilizados en la medicina como analgésico, antinflamatorio y antidepresivo. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar cómo influyen el tipo de sustrato y la adición o ausencia de ácido naftalenacético (ANA) en el enraizamiento de estacas de tallos. Para realizar el estudio se obtuvieron estacas de diez cm de longitud de plantas de H. brasiliense que fueron mantenidas en invernáculo durante un año. El 50% de éstas fueron sometidas a tratamientos hormonales con ANA en una concentración de 100 mg kg -1 , durante 30 minutos y las restantes no recibieron ese tratamiento. Posteriormente las estacas fueron colocadas en recipientes de 50 cm 3 con los sustratos arena, corteza de pino o perlita y diferentes combinaciones de estos. La arena sola o combinada con perlita fueron los mejores sustratos para inducir rizogénesis adventicia y promover el crecimiento de brotes y la corteza de pino el menos eficiente. Las estacas de H. brasiliensis posee una alta capacidad de desarrollo de raíces sin la adición de ANA, pero el desarrollo de raíces es afectado por el tipo de sustrato.

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Reproductive biology and cytology of Hypericum brasiliense Choisy (Hypericaceae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Explosive radiation in high Andean Hypericum—rates of diversification among New World lineages

Explosive radiation in high Andean Hypericum—rates of diversification among New World lineages

Floral Structure ofGarcinia brasiliensisin Relation to Flower Biology and Evolution

Effect of substrate and naftalenacetic acid on vegetative propagation Hypericum brasiliense (Hypericacaceae)

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