Rock outcrop vegetation in Brazil: a brief overview

Scarano, Fábio Rúbio

doi:10.1590/s0100-84042007000400002

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Cerca de 30% do total de espécies amostradas pertencem ao grupo de monocotiledôneas, como registrado em diversos afloramentos rochosos , Scarano 2007. A presença marcante deste grupo de plantas em afloramentos rochosos denomina, inclusive, um tipo de habitat, as touceiras de monocotiledôneas ("monocotyledonous mats") (Porembski et al 1997, Porembski 2007.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Ecologia da vegetação herbácea de bancadas lateríticas (cangas) em Corumbá, MS, Brasil

Takahasi

Meirelles

2014

Hoehnea

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Ecology of herbaceous vegetation on bancadas lateríticas (cangas) in Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil). Bancadas lateríticas are ironstone outcrops that surround Morraria do Urucum and Morraria do Rabicho. This paper analyzes the floristic composition and structure of three ironstone outcrops, in quadrats of 1 m², and reveals possible intrinsic patterns in site subsets by means of ordination analysis (detrended correspondence analysis -DCA) using cover data of plant species. A total of 66 vascular species belonging to 27 botany families were sampled. The richest families were Fabaceae (11 species) and Poaceae (9) while Selaginella sellowii and Sporobolus monandrus had the highest importance values. The ordination analysis suggested that herbaceous communities were influenced by the granulometry of the substrate, with species that occurred directly on hardened substrate and others that occurred on a thin soil layer. We emphasize the importance of the conservation of this flora, due both to its floristic insularity and to the little knowledge about the ecosystems that form the landscape mosaic of the Pantanal.RESUMO -(Ecologia da vegetação herbácea de bancadas lateríticas (cangas) em Corumbá, MS, Brasil). As bancadas lateríticas são carapaças ferruginosas que circundam as morrarias do Urucum e Rabicho. Este estudo verificou a composição florística e estrutura em três bancadas lateríticas, utilizando parcelas de 1 m², e analisou a distribuição das espécies ao longo do gradiente ambiental através da análise de correspondência segmentada (DCA) para dados de cobertura. Amostraram-se 66 espécies vasculares pertencentes a 27 famílias. As famílias mais ricas foram Fabaceae (11 espécies) e Poaceae (9) enquanto Selaginella sellowii e Sporobolus monandrus apresentaram os maiores valores de importância. Os resultados da análise de ordenação sugerem que a vegetação herbácea é influenciada pela granulometria do substrato, com espécies que se estabelecem diretamente sobre o substrato endurecido e outras em locais com uma fina camada de sedimentos. Destaca-se, ainda, a importância da conservação desta flora, tanto pelo seu caráter insular quanto pela escassez de informações sobre estes ecossistemas que constituem o mosaico de paisagens do Pantanal. Palavras-chave: Campo Ferruginoso,

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Ecologia da vegetação herbácea de bancadas lateríticas (cangas) em Corumbá, MS, Brasil

Takahasi

Meirelles

2014

Hoehnea

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“…The rock outcrops of these ancient Banded iron formation (BIF) ranges are isolated xeric islands within a more mesic matrix. The communities are edaphically controlled and share many similarities with well studied xeric communities of granite/gneiss domes (inselbergs) commonly found both in tropical alpine areas of Africa and South America and the Mediterranean climate areas of South Western Australia (Hopper et al 1997;Porembski 2007;Scarano 2007;Yates et al 2007). Initial surveys of BIF ranges in South Western Australia have discovered a significant number of plant species new to science and identified species endemic to, or with distributions centered on, these ranges (Butcher 2007;Gibson et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Plant communities of the ironstone ranges of South Western Australia: hotspots for plant diversity and mineral deposits

Gibson¹,

Yates²,

Dillon³

2010

Biodivers Conserv

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Plant communities of ancient banded iron formation ranges of South Western Australia occur as islands in a matrix of the largest remaining area of Mediterranean woodlands and shrub lands on the planet. These xeric shrub lands are structurally and compositionally different from the surrounding matrix and exhibit high levels of endemism and species turnover that cannot be ascribed to geology or current climatic gradients. The pattern of the vegetation and flora on these ranges appears to be related to local topographical factors and the long period of time these landscapes have remained unglaciated and above sea level. Similar patterns have recently been described for iron outcrop communities in Brazil. In both regions these communities are being significantly impacted by mining. The high correlation between local endemism and restricted plant communities and high grade mineral deposits presents difficult challenges for achieving a comprehensive, adequate and representative reserve system in South Western Australia.

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“…Normally, at lower pH, phosphorus (a critical element in the development of the vegetation (Sarmiento 1984)) precipitates, for example, with aluminum, and becomes less available to plants. However, in the stony grasslands we studied, it was found that during the dry season, soil pH decreased while phosphorus concentrations increased in what may be related to a reduction in the loss of mineral nutrients due to the absence of rainfall (Sarmiento 1984). The extreme abiotic conditions of the campos rupestres have strong consequences in terms of plant adaptation to constrained environmental conditions.…”

Section: Plant Communities Linked To Soil Composition and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation composition and structure of some Neotropical mountain grasslands in Brazil

2015

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The description and understanding of plant communities is fundamental for the implementation of conservation or restoration programs, especially when these communities are highly threatened and need to be restored. Campos rupestres, some Neotropical mountain grasslands located in central Brazil and part of the Cerrado biome (covering 2 million km²) host unique plant communities, currently threatened by quarrying and mining. The grassy matrix of campos rupestres, has long been considered a rich mosaic under the control of local topography and the nature of substrate, but this affirmation has not been well studied. We analyzed whether plant communities varied in relation to edaphic factors within the stony substrate and the sandy substrate of this grassy matrix. We selected 5 sites where occur both grasslands on stony substrate and on sandy substrate, and we carried out vegetation surveys and soil analyses. We counted 222 plant species within our communities, among which 38.6% are exclusively found on campos rupestres. Our results show that both soil-types are strongly acidic, nutrient poor and exhibit a seasonal variation. Phosphorus increases and pH and organic carbon decrease during the dry season. Stony soils are slightly richer in nutrients than sandy soils and differences in soil granulometry and composition have led to the formation of distinct plant communities. Some species are confined to either one or the other grassland-type, which makes the plant composition of each community unique. Variations in edaphic factors generate heterogeneous grasslands favorable to a high plant diversity. Conservation programs and restoration actions have to maintain or recreate this heterogeneity. The presence of distinct plant communities implies that different strategies might be adopted to improve the restoration of these ecosystems.

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Rock outcrop vegetation in Brazil: a brief overview

Cited by 47 publications

References 52 publications

Ecologia da vegetação herbácea de bancadas lateríticas (cangas) em Corumbá, MS, Brasil

Ecologia da vegetação herbácea de bancadas lateríticas (cangas) em Corumbá, MS, Brasil

Plant communities of the ironstone ranges of South Western Australia: hotspots for plant diversity and mineral deposits

Vegetation composition and structure of some Neotropical mountain grasslands in Brazil

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