Weed Interference in the Establishment of Urochloa ruziziensis

Abstract

This research aimed to study weed interference relationship on morphogenesis, yield, and greenhouse gas production potential of Urochloa ruziziensis under pasture renovation conditions. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of seven coexistence periods: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days after emergence (DAE). The following morphological parameters were analyzed: number of tillers, number of leaves, photosynthetically active leaf blade biomass, fresh stem biomass, dead material biomass, and total dry biomass. In vitro analyses of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) production were also carried out. The results were submitted to analysis of variance by the F-test, and the test of means was carried out by the Scott-Knott test at 5%. Biomass, CH4, and CO2 production of U. ruziziensis were modified with only 15 days of weed coexistence, with an effect even higher from 45 DAE. Therefore, weeds interfere with all morphological parameters, yield, and greenhouse gas production in the pasture establishment with the forage grass U. ruziziensis.

Pasture weed biology and management in Brazil

“…& Evrard. ), Lourenço et al (2019) reported that weed community management was also necessary at 15 d of coexistence (PBI) with pasture, which corroborated the behavior recorded for B. brizantha (Marchi et al, 2017) because the dry biomass production of the forage was already altered by coexistence at this time. In this case, the weed community was composed of more species, totaling 10: C. glandulosus; Sena obtusifolia (L.) H.S.…”

“…However, weeds are not the cause of degradation but rather the inadequate management of extractive cattle farming historically implemented in Brazilian pastures. When installed, weeds negatively interfere with the structure of the forage canopy and the grazing habit of animals (Marchi, Bellé, Foz, Ferri, & Martins, 2017;Bellé, Marchi, Martins, Sousa, & Pinheiro, 2018;Lourenço, Mota, Sanches, Marques, & Marchi, 2019;R. F. Marques et al, 2019;Araújo, Marques, Pinheiro, Souza, & Marchi, 2020), consequently causing economic losses throughout the livestock production chain, pressuring for the opening of new extensive pasture areas (Andrade, Bolfe, Victória, & Nogueira, 2017), in addition to contributing to increased greenhouse gas emissions because of the supply of food with low nutritional value to the animals (Lourenço et al, 2019;Marchi et al, 2019b;Meurer, Brito, Marchi, Pinheiro, & Martins, 2020).…”

“…Unlike the studies on weed floral surveys, studies on weeds in forage and pastures are more recent but still scarce considering the size and diversity of Brazilian biomes. Most studies were conducted in the center-western region of the country (Marchi et al, 2017;Bellé et al, 2018;Lourenço et al, 2019;. One was conducted in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brighenti & Oliveira, 2018) and one in the state of São Paulo (P. F. R. B.…”

Potential of methane and carbon dioxide in vitro production by Urochloa hybrid subjected to periods of coexistence with weeds

“…Considering that gas production varies according to the quantity and quality of the food ingested by the animal and that weeds can influence these two characteristics of tropical forages (MARCHI et al, 2017;BELLÉ et al, 2018;LOURENÇO et al, 2019), this research aimed to study the interference relationships of weeds on productive components, nutritional quality, energy potential, and production potential of GHG by the Convert HD364 grass under pasture renovation conditions.…”

Rehabilitación de praderas degradadas en el trópico de México

“…En condiciones de clima cálido, para U. brizantha, se indica que las medidas de control de malezas se deben realizar a más tardar a los 9 (52) , 15 (48) o 30 (49) días de coexistencia pasto-malezas, mientras que para U. ruziziensis (R. Germ. & C. M. Evrard) Crins, se recomienda controlar la maleza antes de los 22 días de coexistencia (53) .…”