Green ear yield and grain yield of maize cultivars in competition with weeds

Silva, P.S.L.; Silva, K.M.B.; Silva, P.I.B.; Oliveira, V. R. de; Ferreira, Juliano Lino

doi:10.1590/s0100-83582010000100010

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Norris (1992) observed a reduction of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) root with the existence of weed as Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.). Additionally, Silva et al (2010;2011) reported a reduction of corn root biomass without weeding (hoeing). The observed root reduction in NT could be caused by the delayed early growth associated with the competition against weeds for resource acquisition.…”

Section: Corn Roots Affected By Tillage Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term effects of tillage practice and phosphorus fertilization on the distribution and morphology of corn root

Mollier

Ziadi

et al. 2016

Plant Soil

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Background and aims Relevant soil properties and nutrient distributions influencing crop root growth might be different under no-till (NT) and mouldboard plough (MP) management. The possible different root systems within different managements might have key impact on crop nutrient uptake and consequently crop production. Our objective was to assess the long-term combined effects of tillage and phosphorus (P) fertilization on corn (Zea mays L.) root distribution and morphology. Methods Corn root and soil samples were collected during the silking stage at five depths (0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm) and three horizontal distances perpendicular to the corn row (5, 15 and 25 cm) under MP and NT with three P fertilizations (0, 17.5, and 35 kg P ha −1 ) for a long-term (22 years) experiment in eastern Canada. Root morphology and soil properties were determined. Results NT practice decreased corn root biomass by −26 % compared to MP, mainly by decreasing the primary and secondary roots. Additionally, corn roots in NT tend to be more expansive on the surface layer with higher root length and surface densities for the depth of 0-5 cm at two sampling distances of 15 and 25 cm. The 35 kg P ha −1 rate increased the root biomass by 26 and 41 % compared to the 0 and 17.5 kg P ha −1 rates. Conclusions No-tillage practice and low rates of P fertilization reduce corn roots. This is probably caused by the weed competition in NT and the continued downward P status with low P rates over 22 years. Abbreviations MP Mouldboard plough NTNo-till 0P, 0.5P and 1P P fertilization rates of 0, 17.5 and 35 kg P ha −1 every two years RMD Root mass density RSD Root surface density RLD Root length density Plant Soil

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Section: Corn Roots Affected By Tillage Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term effects of tillage practice and phosphorus fertilization on the distribution and morphology of corn root

Mollier

Ziadi

et al. 2016

Plant Soil

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“…The RDM was validated against measurements from a field release of Lycopodium spores ( cms -1 ) in a maize canopy (Gleicher et al, 2014), which is the same study used for comparison in Figure 2a. Gleicher et al (2014) report m s -1 , m, The characteristic vegetation length scale is the leaf width, m (Silva et al, 2012). Gleicher released spores from a single pole at three source heights ( ) and captured spores using a grid of 9 poles, with 5 rotorods per pole ( , , m).…”

Section: Validation Using Field Data From Maize Canopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a random displacement model for predicting particle escape from canopies using a simple eddy diffusivity model

Follett

Chamecki

Nepf

2016

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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There is a need for more practical tools for estimating spore escape from crop canopies, which is essential in forecasting the propagation of disease to other fields. In this paper, we evaluated whether a random displacement model (RDM) parameterized with an eddy diffusivity could be used to predict spore escape probability. The proposed RDM does not require detailed turbulence measurements for parameterization. Instead, it constructs profiles of velocity and eddy diffusivity from a simple set of parameters [canopy height, canopy density, vegetation length scale, and wind speed]. The RDM was validated using field measurements of spore concentration. On average, the model predictions matched the field measurements within 28% inside the canopy and 42% above it, comparable to LES results over the same canopy. Once validated, the RDM was used to explore particle escape across a range of canopy densities and particle settling velocities, in order to inform estimates of particle escape from crops of varying maturity or area density. Escape fraction as calculated by the RDM increased as canopy density decreased, as the ratio of particle settling velocity to turbulent shear velocity ratio decreased, and as the source height within the canopy increased.

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“…Production of green cobs is more profitable than grain production, and it is harvested in a short period of time as compared to the grain harvesting time [9]. Green cob is mainly produced for human consumption, either as a fresh cob, as a boiled or roasted condition, or as a processed product used as an ingredient in cakes, ice creams, and a number of other foods [9,10]. Green cob is suitable for fresh consumption due to its sweet and delicious taste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory Evaluation of Open Pollinated Maize (Zea mays L.) Varieties for Green Cob Production Under Irrigation in the North Shewa Lowlands, Ethiopia

Chakle

Tewolde

Mamo

2022

Advances in Agriculture

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In the experimental area, there is a lack of improved maize varieties for green cob production. The experiment was conducted at Efratana gidim woreda Yimlo Kebele FTC-station in the North Shewa zone during the 2017 and 2018 experimental years under irrigation conditions. The objective of the study was to select adaptive, high-green cob yielders and farmers who preferred open-pollinated maize varieties for the lowland areas of North Shewa. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Six nationally released open-pollinated maize, varieties including local check, were evaluated for two subsequent years. The combined analysis of variance showed highly significant ( p < 0.01 ) differences for days to anthesis, days to silking, and number of cobs ha−1. In each year, farmers participated and selected the top preferred varieties. During the 2017 experimental year, farmers used a number of cobs per plant, bear tip, cob length, uniformity, husk tip coverage, earliness, and stalk strength as selection criteria, and during the 2018 experimental year, farmers also used cob length, bear tip, earliness, lodging tolerance, and biomass as variety selection criteria. Varieties Melkasa-2 and Melkasa-6Q have been selected in both years. Analysis of variance revealed that both farmers preferred varieties that gave a high number of cobs, which is 46,914 and 41,358 cobs ha−1 for varieties Melkasa-2 and Melkasa-6Q, respectively. Based on this result, varieties Melkasa-2 and Melkasa-6Q were recommended for the North Shewa lowlands and similar agroecology.

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Green ear yield and grain yield of maize cultivars in competition with weeds

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

The long-term effects of tillage practice and phosphorus fertilization on the distribution and morphology of corn root

The long-term effects of tillage practice and phosphorus fertilization on the distribution and morphology of corn root

Evaluation of a random displacement model for predicting particle escape from canopies using a simple eddy diffusivity model

Participatory Evaluation of Open Pollinated Maize (Zea mays L.) Varieties for Green Cob Production Under Irrigation in the North Shewa Lowlands, Ethiopia

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