Weed control under integrated nutrient management systems in faba bean (Vicia faba) production in Egypt

Abstract

-Two field experiments were conducted in two successive seasons, 2005/2006 and 2006/2007, to determine whether management can improve faba bean competitiveness with weeds, thus helping to achieve its yield potential. The experiment included five treatments, composed of organic and mineral fertilizers, alone and mixed at different rates, along with a control and six weed control treatments, including oxadiargyl, prometryn, hand hoeing treatments alone or mixed with the herbicides, and a nonweeded treatment (control).The herbicide treatments were not superior to the two hand-hoeing treatments. Using compost favored growth and yield of faba bean more than of weeds. Adding fertilizer also improved most yield parameters. Application of compost alone or combined with 50 or 100% of the recommended NPK rate improved faba bean growth in terms of net assimilation rate, specific leaf area, and leaf weight ratio as components of relative growth rate. This improvement in growth resulted in increase of seed yield, yield components and protein of faba bean. Faba bean yield performance improved under interactive fertilizer effects and weed control treatments as growth improved, as a result of nutrient release from fertilizers and weed control.Keywords: Faba bean, integrated nutrient management system, integrated weed management.RESUMO -Dois experimentos em condições de campo foram conduzidos em duas épocas sucessivas -2005/2006 e 2006/2007 -para determinar se o manejo pode melhorar a competitividade do feijão-fava contra plantas daninhas e contribuir para um maior potencial de produção. Os experimentos incluíram cinco tratamentos, compostos de: fertilizantes orgânicos e minerais, isoladamente ou em mistura em diferentes doses, além do tratamento controle, e seis tratamentos de controle de plantas daninhas, incluindo tratamentos usando oxadiargyl, prometryn, manualmente ou misturados com os herbicidas e um tratamento sem plantas daninhas (controle). Os tratamentos com os herbicidas não foram superiores aos dois tratamentos manuais (hand hoeing).O uso de composto favoreceu o crescimento e rendimento da fava mais que os das plantas daninhas. A adição de fertilizantes também aumentou a maioria dos parâmetros de rendimento. A aplicação do composto isoladamente ou em combinação com 50 ou 100% da dose recomendada de NPK aumentou a taxa de assimilação líquida do feijão-fava, sua área foliar específica e a razão folha-peso, como componentes da taxa de crescimento relativo. O aumento do crescimento resultou em aumento do rendimento das sementes, dos componentes de rendimento e da proteína do feijão de fava. O desempenho do rendimento do feijão de fava aumentou sob efeitos interativos de tratamentos com fertilizante e de controle de plantas daninhas à medida que o crescimento aumentou, como resultado da liberação de nutrientes dos fertilizantes e controle dessas plantas.Palavras-chave: feijão-fava, sistema integrado de manejo de nutrientes, manejo integrado de plantas daninhas.

Cowpea Crop Response to Mineral and Organic Fertilization in SE Spain

“…Mineral fertilizers play an important role in terms of the rapid increase of soil fertility and crop yield due to their high nutrient content and ease of availability [6]. However, this type of fertilization could not be the most effective or adequate, considering the maintenance of soil fertility over time, since an excessive application of mineral fertilizers can lead to low nutrient efficiency and deterioration of the soil and environment [7,8]. In terms of carbon sequestration, the use of mineral fertilizers has shown to have a rapid influence on the soil, since it can promote mineralization of a stable fraction of organic matter due mainly to their high N rates, or Processes 2021, 9, 822 2 of 14 it can increase carbon stocks by plant biomass production [9][10][11].…”

Effect of Compost and Animal Manure on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Productivity in Maradi, Niger Republic, Using Zai Technology

“…Moreover, mineral fertilizers play an important role in the rapid increase of soil fertility and crop yield due to their high nutrient content and ease of availability (Sawada, 2002). Nevertheless, in terms of maintaining soil fertility over time, this type of fertilization may not be the most effective or adequate, because excessive application of mineral fertilizers can lead to low nutrient efficiency and deterioration of the soil and environment (El-Metwally et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2013). Moreover, there have been studies that show that manure is a better fertilizer than mineral fertilizers for increasing crop yields (Jannoura et al, 2014;Cai et al, 2019).…”