QT interval in healthy dogs: which method of correcting the QT interval in dogs is appropriate for use in small animal clinics?

Oliveira, Marcelo Moizinho; Muzzi, Ruthnéa Aparecida Lázaro; Muzzi, Leonardo Augusto Lopes; Cherem, Marcos; Mantovani, Matheus Matioli

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2014000500014

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…QT correction was made using the Bazett, Fridericia and Van der Water formulas, and considering the high HR, QTcV showed less variability from the original QT thus suggesting that the Van der Water formula should be employed. That is in accordance with previous researchers (Spence et al 1998, Oliveira et al 2012. The need to establish a suitable QT correction formula relies on the importance to evaluate the occurrence of QT prolongation, which leads to fatal arrhythmias such as Torsade de Pointes (Hamlin et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Computerized electrocardiography in healthy conscious guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

et al. 2016

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate healthy conscious guinea pigs as a model for electrophysiology assessment and to describe normal electrocardiographic patterns in controlled laboratory environment, establishing the best QT formula for this method. Electrocardiographic recordings of fifty adult conscious guinea pigs were obtained using a computerized electrocardiography. The electrocardiographic measurements of three different tracings were analyzed. The results obtained established normal mean and range values for the parameters: heart rate, waves and intervals of P-QRS-T deflections, as well as the mean cardiac axis. Groups were separated by body weight: group 1 gathered animals with 500-699g and group 2 with animals 700-900g. No differences were found when measurements were compared between groups, showing no significant difference between weight/ body sizes to the electrocardiographic parameters (P<0.05). The mean corrected QT values (QTc) obtained using diverse formulae were significantly different (P<0.05), were the most consistent was Van der Water (QTcV). QTcV values were strongly correlated (r=98) and 95% confidence interval 185.7 to 195.2ms.Considering its simplicity and reliability, the QTcV was deemed the most appropriate to be used for the correction of QT interval in conscious guinea pigs.The results of this study also suggest that the values found can be used as reference for the species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Computerized electrocardiography in healthy conscious guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

et al. 2016

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“…These values were lower than the human standard (360 ms) [37] and higher than that found for wild cats (Leopardus tigrinus) (230 ms), which did not show differences between males and females [34]. This interval represents the complete duration of the ventricular electrical activity, and may be influenced by heart rate variations, in this case, showing a proportionally inverse relationship between the two parameters [35]. The QT interval for non-anesthetized agoutis was lower than for anesthetized agoutis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Electrocardiographic Pattern of Agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) Chemically Contained by the Association of Ketamine and Xylazine

Filho

Pessoa

Rodrigues

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background:The agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha, Wagler, 1831) is an existing wild rodent in almost all of Brazil, used as a biological model in several scientific studies. Veterinary cardiology has showed great advances in the diagnostic area due to the possibility of cardiac evaluation by non-invasive methods. For the practice of scientific or handling procedures in wild animals, chemical containment is essential. Thus, it is important to know the effect of anesthetic protocols on the cardiovascular system, observed through complementary tests, such as the electrocardiogram. The objective of this study was to describe the computerized electrocardiographic tracing of agoutis chemically contained by the association of Ketamine and Xylazine. Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen male and female clinically healthy animals, aged among 2 years, submitted to digital electrocardiographic examination, were used. The device used to obtain the tracing was the veterinary electrocardiograph (Electrocardiogram Acquisition Module for Computer) -Brazilian Electronic Technology (TEB). The analysis was always made from derivation II (DII). Chemical containment was performed by the combination of Ketamine and Xylazine, intramuscularly. The results showed that the heart rate for males was on average 113.25 bpm, while for females the value of 124.60 bpm was observed, and there was no significant difference between the genders (P > 0.05). The mean weight of males was 2.31 kg and for females 2.28 kg; there was no statistical difference for this variable (P > 0.05). For the QRS duration of 46.14 ± 5.05 ms (males) and 44.66 ± 5.94 ms (females) and PR interval of 79.94 ± 12.01ms (males) and 84.29 ± 12.37ms (females), there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The amplitude of the R wave of 0.42 ± 0.31 mV (males) and 0.36 ± 0.22 mV (females) showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The T wave showed itself both negative (10 animals) and positive (8 animals), with amplitude measured at 0.24 ± 0.16 mV for males and 0.25 ± 0.10 mV for females (P > 0.05). The anesthetic protocol was well tolerated by the animals of this experiment, and there were no episodes of arrhythmias during the time of their monitoring. Discussion: Wild animals, in general, need chemical containment, with a view to reducing stress during scientific and handling procedures. The protocols established in this work can be used in future experiments which require a longer handling time. The values found for heart rate (HR) of anesthetized agoutis were lower than those for non-anesthetized agoutis, proving the influence of the stress during retention and the depressant cardiovascular effect of the anesthetic drug used. The electrocardiographic parameters and the tracing morphology of the agoutis were like the results found for anesthetized small rodents. The QT interval was higher in males than in females, justifying the fact that it could be influenced by variations in HR, which also showed superior results for males. Taking into consideration the morphol...

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“…Concerning the QT interval, this showed a high negative correlation with HR and a moderate negative correlation with BW. The QT interval is routinely used to measure the ventricular repolarization in human and veterinary medicine ( Al-Khatib et al , 2003 ; Pedersen et al , 2013 ; Oliveira et al , 2014 ). In humans and animals, QT interval is negatively correlated with HR, leading to a decrease in the interval when the HR increases ( Davey, 2002 ; Al-Khatib et al , 2003 ; Moss, 2003 ; Rajappan et al , 2003 , Rezakhani et al , 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Base-apex electrocardiographic examination in healthy cows of Chianina breed

Cicogna¹,

Boni²,

Frigo³

et al. 2022

Open Vet J

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Background: The electrocardiography is a useful diagnostic tool for the characterization of the cardiac rhythm in veterinary medicine. In cattle, standard electrocardiographic exam is commonly performed using the base-apex lead system and reference values for ECG parameters have been reported for different breed of cows. However, no electrocardiographic studies have been conducted in Chianina breed. Aim: To determine the feasibility and normal values for standard base-apex electrocardiography in clinically healthy Chianina cows. Methods: A standard base-apex electrocardiographic examination was acquired in 45 Chianina cows. All the cows were considered healthy based on history and physical examination. The following ECG parameters were evaluated: heart rate; morphology of P wave, QRS complex and T wave; amplitude and duration of P wave, QRS complex, and T wave; duration of PR and QT intervals. Correlations between ECG parameters and clinical variables were analyzed. Results: Morphology of the electrocardiographic waves/complexes and values for all ECG parameters recorded in the 45 clinically healthy Chianina cows were reported. Correlations between heart rate and body weight, QT interval and body weight, QT interval and heart rate, P wave amplitude and heart rate, PR interval and heart rate, R wave amplitude and age were observed. Statistical difference between heart rate in pregnant and not-pregnant cows was also found. Conclusion: Base-apex electrocardiogram is suitable for monitoring heart rhythm in clinically healthy Chianina cows and reference values for main electrocardiographic parameters have been reported for this breed. This study can be a useful contribution to the literature, updating current knowledge on the electrocardiography in cattle.

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QT interval in healthy dogs: which method of correcting the QT interval in dogs is appropriate for use in small animal clinics?

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Computerized electrocardiography in healthy conscious guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

Computerized electrocardiography in healthy conscious guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

Electrocardiographic Pattern of Agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) Chemically Contained by the Association of Ketamine and Xylazine

Base-apex electrocardiographic examination in healthy cows of Chianina breed

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