Doenças hereditárias e defeitos congênitos diagnosticados em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no Brasil

Abstract

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 33 (7) A review on hereditary diseases and/or congenital defects diagnosed in water buffaloes in Brazil is performed. The epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of each disease or group of diseases are briefly described. Hereditary diseases include acantholytic mechanobullous dermatosis, arthrogryposis, myotonia, hydranencephaly, chondrodysplasia, and albinism. Congenital defects of unknown cause include megaesophagus, heart defects (patent ductus arteriosus), dermatosparaxia, and different defects of the reproductive system. The breeds most affected by genetic diseases are those from Asian Continent (Murrah and Jafarabadi), probably as a result of inbreeding in Brazilian herds due the prohibition of importation of breeding buffalo from that continent. The diagnosis of two hereditary diseases, arthrogryposis and myotonia, in Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil) and Pará (nothern Brazil) suggests that the undesirable genes are widespread in the buffalo population. The identification of these genes by molecular techniques associated with the buffalo breeding with correct sanitary, zootechnical, and reproductive control practices can decrease the negative effects of genetic diseases in the Brazilian buffalo herd.

Silvopastoral System Mitigates the Thermal Stress and Benefits Water Buffaloes’ Comfort in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

“…Buffaloes reared in Amazon produce beef and milk, and provide labor for farmers (ALMEIDA et al 2019). Although buffalos reached satisfactory performance indices due to their capacity for adaptation to different environments (DAMÉ et al, 2013), under thermal stress, buffaloes change their physiological and behavioral reactions (GARCIA, 2013), because of their inability to cope with heat due to strong melanin concentration in the skin and hair, low number of sweat glands, and extremely thick epidermis, which reduce skin evaporation capacity ( GUDEV et al, 2007) Thus, environmental variables have a direct influence over the animals' regulating mechanism, possibly affecting growth, reproduction, and disease resistance (ALMEIDA et al, 2011;AHIRWA et al, 2018). In the Amazon region, silvopastoral systems are a viable alternative for ruminant farming.…”

Behavior of buffalo heifers reared in shaded and unshaded pastures during the dry season on Marajó Island, Pará, Brazil

“…Buffaloes were introduced in Brazil in the late 19 th century on the island of Marajó, Pará, where they continued to develop. They reached satisfactory performance indices due to their capacity for adaptation to different environments, especially in areas with low fertility soils and low-quality native pastures, where cows would otherwise not thrive (Damé, Riet-Correa, & Schild, 2013). The economic structure of the Marajó mesoregion is still influenced by activities related to livestock, especially buffalo farming in the natural fields of Marajó Island.…”

Molecular detection of albinism gene in Brazilian buffalo herds (Bubalus bubalis)

“…Besides albinism, other buffalo diseases have been confirmed to be hereditary or have strong evidences of being carried through the genes like arthrogryposis, hereditary myotonia, and hydranencephaly (Damé et al 2013). Precautions should be taken to avoid the propagation of those diseases and their adverse effect on buffalo production system (Damé et al 2015).…”