Anticoccidial effects of acetic acid on performance and pathogenic parameters in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria tenella

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anticoccidial effect of the different concentrations of the acetic acid in the broiler chickens in comparison with the amprolium anticoccidial. A total of 198 chicks were placed 11 per pen with three pens per treatment. The different concentrations (1%, 2% and 3%) of acetic acid and amproilum (at the dose rate of 125ppm) were given to the experimental groups in drinking water from 10-19 th days of age. One group was kept as infected non medicated control and one as non infected non medicated control. All the groups were inoculated orally with 75,000 sporulated oocysts at the 12 th day of age except non infected non medicated control. Anticoccidial effect was evaluated on the basis of performance (weight gain, feed conversion ratio) and pathogenic (oocyst score, lesion score and mortality %age) parameters. Among acetic acid medicated groups, the maximum anticoccidial effect was seen in the group medicated with 3% acetic acid followed by 2% and 1% acetic acid medicated groups. Amprolium and 3% acetic acid were almost equivalent in suppressing the negative performance and pathogenic effects associated with coccidiosis (Eimeria tenella) challenge. In summary, acetic acid has the potential to be used as alternative to chemotherapeutic drugs for Eimeria tenella control. Concentration-dependent anticoccidial effect of acetic acid suggests that further studies should be carried out to determine the possible maximum safe levels of acetic acid with least toxic effects to be used as anticoccidial.

Influence of gastrointestinal parasitism on biochemical variables in blood of laying hens

“…Coccidiosis is caused by several species of the genus Eimeria, a protozoan. These intracellular parasites usually infect the cells of the digestive tract, causing cell disruption and tissue injury due to the parasite multiplication, causing, consequently occurs bleeding, leading to malabsorption of nutrients and being a gateway to other pathogens (1,2). Broilers, layers and breeders in general are subjected to contamination with Eimeria spp., mainly because in different breeding systems the animals are infected by ingesting sporulated oocysts in water and laying bed.…”

“…Ascaris galli and Heterakis gallinarum are also endoparasites commonly observed infecting chickens. These nematodes normally infect the large intestine of these animals, causing weight loss, diarrhea and intestinal mucosal lesion (2,4). This infection usually leads to irreparable intestine damage, affecting the absorption of nutrients (2).…”

“…La coccidiosis es causada por varias especies del género Eimeria, un protozoario. Estos parásitos intracelulares generalmente infectan las células del tracto digestivo, causando trastornos celulares y lesiones en los tejidos debido a la multiplicación de los parásitos, presentándose como consecuencia hemorragia, lo que conduce a la mala absorción de nutrientes y se convierte en una puerta de entrada para otros patógenos (1,2). Los pollos de engorde, las ponedoras y las reproductoras, están sometidos en general a la contaminación con Eimeria spp., principalmente porque en los diferentes sistemas de cría los animales se infectan por la ingestión de ooquistes esporulados presentes en el agua y en los nidos.…”

“…El Ascaris galli y el Heterakis gallinarum son también endoparásitos que comúnmente infectan a las gallinas. Estos nematodos normalmente infectan el intestino grueso de estos animales, causando pérdida de peso, diarrea y lesión de la mucosa intestinal (2,4). Esta infección por lo general conduce a un daño irreparable del intestino, lo que afecta la absorción de nutrientes (2).…”

“…Entre estas variables, la más relevante para las gallinas es la alanina aminotransferasa (ALT), una enzima catalítica que tiene la función de la transaminasa y actúa en el especially when it is significantly increased (6). Other relevant metabolites that can be assessed are the levels of total protein, albumin and globulin, proteins that can be influenced by the type of diet and creation system, as well as by the different infectious diseases due to the involvement of globulins in the inflammatory response (2,7). Yet, the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides may reflect eating disorders, often derived from the diet (8).…”