Retrospective study of ocular disorders in Amazon parrots

Hvenegaard, Ana Paula; Safatle, Angélica Mendonça Vaz; Guimarães, Marta Brito; Ferreira, Antônio José Piantino; Barros, P S M

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2009001200005

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Brazil is one of the countries with the highest number of Psittaciformes in the world (Hvenegaard et al 2009), and Ara ararauna (blue-and-yellow macaw) belongs to this order (Valle et al 2008). Their specific features allow their ready identification, such as the following: short beak with wide base adapted for breaking seeds and fruits, particularly with movable jaw; large, broad head and peri-ocular region with no feathers; short neck; zygodactyl feet and short legs (Sick 2001, Godoy 2007, blue feathers on the dorsal side, yellow feathers on the ventral side, black feathers on the neck and small rows on the face (Bianchi 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reference values for selected ophthalmic tests of the blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna)

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was to establish reference values for selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests in healthy blue-and-yellow macaws. We investigated a total of 35 adult macaws (70 eyes) of undetermined sex and with an average weight of 1 kg, who were living in captivity in the Federal District, Brazil. Tear production using the Schirmer tear test (STT), normal conjunctival flora, intraocular pressure (IOP) using a rebound tonometer and horizontal palpebral fissure length (HPFL) were evaluated. In this study, 84.1% of samples were positive for microbial growth. Bacteria, fungi and yeasts were isolated, and Staphylococcus spp. (21.9%) and Bacillus spp. (26.8%) were the most frequently isolated microorganisms. The mean value for STT was 7.6±4.6mm/min in the right eye (OD) and 6.6±4.4mm/min in the left eye (OS) (median = 7,11±0,76mm/min). Mean IOP was 11.4±2.5mm Hg OD and 11.6±1.8mm Hg OS (median = 11.49±0.22mm Hg), prior to anesthesia, and 7.6±2.4mm Hg OD and 7.8±1.8mm Hg OS (median 7.71±0.08mmHg) after anesthesia. The IOP was significantly lower when the animals were under anesthesia as compared to when they were conscious (p≤0.05). Horizontal palpebral fissure length was 11.7±0.1mm OD and 11.8±0.1mm OS (median = 11.72±0.07mm). The STT showed a positive correlation with palpebral fissure measurement for this species. These selected ophthalmic reference values will be particularly useful in diagnosing pathological changes in the eyes of blue-and-yellow macaws.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large parrots often present with periorbital diseases, secondary to upper respiratory tract infections, rhinitis and chronic sinusitis (Hvenegaard et al 2009). Parrots are often kept as pets, and have received increasing ophthalmic care by veterinarians over the last twenty years (Bayón et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference values for selected ophthalmic tests of the blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna)

et al. 2017

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“…Ocular and eyelid lesions are a common finding in birds; however, there are few reports of avian ocular and eyelid neoplasia in the literature. A variety of benign and malignant tumors have been reported, both primary and metastatic, affecting the eye, including medulloepitheliomas, lymphoreticular tumors, melanocytic tumors, and rhabdomyosarcomas . Several retrobulbar and eyelid tumors have also been reported, including a retrobulbar adenocarcinoma, a glioma, a liposarcoma, and two mast cell tumors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular and eyelid neoplasia in birds: 15 cases (1982–2011)

Fernández

Dubielzig

2014

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Ocular and eyelid lesions are a common finding in birds; however, avian ocular and eyelid neoplasia is seldom reported. The purpose of this study was to record clinical and pathological data from cases of avian ocular neoplasia submitted to the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin over a 29-year period. A total of 284 avian ocular pathology cases from 1982 to 2011 were reviewed. Out of those, 15 were diagnosed with nine different ocular tumors (5.2%). Metastatic cancer to the globe was diagnosed in seven cases. Six of the metastatic cancers were diagnosed as lymphoma and one as papillary cystic carcinoma of respiratory epithelial origin, presumably originating in the sinus. Primary tumors were diagnosed in eight cases including three tumors of epithelial origin (undifferentiated carcinoma, multicystic adenoma, and pigmented iridociliary adenoma). A teratoid medulloepithelioma and a ganglioneuroma were presumptively diagnosed. A round cell tumor and squamous cell carcinoma were detected in conjunctival samples, and a teratoma was diagnosed from an episcleral sample.

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“…Em grandes psitacídeos as doenças periorbitais secundárias às infecções do trato respiratório superior, como rinite e sinusite crônica, também são uma apresentação frequente (HVENEGAARD, et al, 2009).…”

Section: 3-importância Da Avaliação Oftálmica Nas Avesunclassified

Valores de referência para testes diagnósticos oftálmicos em arara canindé (Ara ararauna) e papagaio verdadeiro (Amazona aestiva)

Falcão¹

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1. Aves 2. Psitacídeos 3. Teste lacrimal de schirmer 4. Tonometria CDU Agris/FAo DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho a Deus, princípio e fim de tudo. Meu Senhor e meu Deus, te louvo e te agradeço por mais esta conquista, que sem Ti não seria possível. À minha família, que é tão especial para mim. ii AGRADECIMENTOS Em primeiro lugar agradeço a Deus e a minha família. À querida Professora Dra Paula Galera, que acompanhou toda a minha trajetória, me incentivando e apoiando desde o início. Às colegas Mariana, Clarissa e Fernanda, que me auxiliaram na realização desse projeto, pois sem vocês seria impossível. Ao Spazen por permitir a nossa entrada e a utilização dos animais sob sua responsabilidade. Ao Serviço de Animais Silvestres da UnB em especial ao professor Rafael. Ao Laboratório de Microbiologia da UnB, em especial a professora Simone e o Hudson. A todos os amigos e funcionários do Hospital Veterinário da UnB. A todos aqueles que se empenharam para que a conclusão desse trabalho fosse possível.

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Retrospective study of ocular disorders in Amazon parrots

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Reference values for selected ophthalmic tests of the blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna)

Reference values for selected ophthalmic tests of the blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna)

Ocular and eyelid neoplasia in birds: 15 cases (1982–2011)

Valores de referência para testes diagnósticos oftálmicos em arara canindé (Ara ararauna) e papagaio verdadeiro (Amazona aestiva)

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