Laparoscopic versus open splenectomy in dogs

Abstract

653 Pesq. Vet. Bras. 29(8):653-660, agosto 2009 RESUMO.-[Comparação entre esplenectomia laparos-cópica e convencional em cães.] Nos últimos anos, a utilização da laparoscopia em Medicina Veterinária vem expandindo e, conseqüentemente, a necessidade de pes-quisas que determinem as vantagens, desvantagens e possíveis complicações de cada procedimento. Este es-tudo teve como objetivo descrever uma técnica de esplenectomia laparoscópica, assim como as alterações decorrentes deste acesso, e compará-la ao procedimen-to convencional em cães. Foram utilizadas 15 cadelas hígidas, sem raça definida, com peso médio de 17,4 ±2,5kg. Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo IA de acesso convencional (por laparotomia) utili-1 M.S. 2009. Laparoscopic versus open splenectomy in dogs. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(8):653-660. In the last few years, the use of laparoscopy in veterinary medicine has expanded and consequently so was the need for studies that establish the advantages, disadvantages and possible complications of each procedure. The purpose of the current study was to describe a laparoscopic splenectomy technique and the alterations due to this access, and compare it to the open procedure in dogs. A total of 15 healthy female mongrel dogs were used, with mean weight of 17.4±2.5kg. The animals were distributed into three groups: Group IA of open splenectomy (laparotomy) using double ligation of the vessels of the splenic hilum with poliglicolic acid, Group IB of open splenectomy (laparotomy) with bipolar electrocoagulation of the splenic hilum, and Group II of laparoscopic access with bipolar electrocoagulation of the splenic hilum. Operative time, blood loss, size of incisions, complications during and after surgery were evaluated. Other parameters included pain scores, white blood cell (WBC) counts and postoperative serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose and cortisol. No differences were found in the evaluation of parameters between both open splenectomy techniques employed. Laparoscopic access presented significant differences (p<0,05) when compared with open surgery: Longer operative time, smaller abdominal access, decrease in blood loss, lower concentrations of CRP, higher levels of CK and ALP, and lower scores in the pain scale. Laparoscopic surgery showed fewer complications of the surgical wound. No significant differences were observed between groups in the postoperative temperature, WBC, ALT, cortisol and glucose concentrations. In conclusion, the laparoscopic technique is useful for splenectomy in dogs, being advantageous in terms of blood loss, surgical stress and surgical wounds. However, it expends more operative time and causes transitory increase in hepatic and muscular enzymes. INDEX TERMS: Spleen, minimal invasive surgery, enzymes, stress, pain. Pesq. Vet. Bras. 29(8):653-660, agosto 2009 Rafael Stedile et al. 654 zando ligadura com ácido poliglicólico no selamento vas-cular do hilo espl...

Comparison between single and three portal laparoscopic splenectomy in dogs

“…Splenectomy in dog is a common operation for tumors [11]. In human, hematological immune mediated diseases, non responsive to medical treatment, ITP and hemolytic anemia are the most common indications of splenectomy [12,13].…”

“…Clinical and experimental researches were conducted to elaborate laparoscopic and open splenectomy [14,15] resulting in the recognition of laparoscopy as a gold standard procedure for splenectomy [16,17]. In veterinary medicine, the feasibility of multiple portal laparoscopic splenectomy and its superiority over the conventional open technique was documented [11,18]. Conventional laparoscopy performed safely in laboratory animals, porcine, caprine, canine and human [18-21].…”

Complications and short‐term outcomes associated with single‐port laparoscopic splenectomy in dogs

“…As with all laparoscopic procedures, proper case selection is essential to achieving optimal results. The first descriptions of LS in the veterinary literature were of procedures performed in healthy dogs by using multiport total laparoscopic techniques . Later, clinical case series of dogs with splenic pathologies undergoing multiport total LS were published, demonstrating the feasibility of this technique in clinical cases .…”

Laparoscopic-Assisted Surgical Procedures

“…Although several reports in the veterinary literature have documented laparoscopic splenectomy, [42][43][44][45] description of LA splenectomy is less common. Recently, LA splenectomy in conjunction with LA intestinal biopsy was reported in a cat, performed through an access incision centered over the umbilicus.…”