Determinação ultra-sonográfica do sexo fetal pela medida dos ângulos do apêndice genital

Abstract

Determinação ultra-sonográfica do sexo fetal pela medida dos ângulos do apêndice genital a semana e 6 dias. As taxas de predição obtidas com o ângulo posterior (ponto de corte de 24 graus) foram, respectivamente: 70, 87 e 87%. A avaliação da variação interobservador revelou diferença média entre medidas pareadas de 15,7 e 9 graus para as medidas dos ângulos posterior e anterior, respectivamente. Conclusão: a acurácia da medida dos ângulos do apêndice genital na predição do sexo fetal foi elevada a partir da 12ª semana de gestação mas ainda insuficiente para sua aplicação em gestações com risco de doenças graves ligadas ao cromossomo X. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Determinação do sexo (análise); Primeiro trimestre da gravidez; Gravidez normal; Diagnóstico pré-natal; Ultrasonografia pré-natal ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the accuracy of fetal gender prediction at 11 to 13 weeks and 6 days by measuring the anterior and posterior genital tubercle angles. Methods: the anterior and posterior genital tubercle angles were measured in a midsagittal plane in 455 fetuses from 11 to 13 weeks and 6 days. The probability of a correct fetal sex prediction (confirmed after birth) was categorized in accordance with the angle measurements, gestational age and crump-rump length. The optimal accuracy cutoffs were derived from a ROC-plot. The interobserver variability was evaluated by a Bland-Altman plot. Results: the correct fetal sex prediction rate increased with gestational age and crump-rump length. Using a 42-degree anterior angle as a cutoff, a correct fetal sex prediction occurred in 72% of the fetuses from 11 to 11 weeks and 6 days, 86% from 12 to 12 weeks and 6 days and 88% from 13 to 13 weeks and 6 days. Using a 24-degree posterior angle as a cutoff, a correct fetal gender prediction occurred in 70, 87 and 87%, respectively. The interobserver variability evaluation revealed a mean difference between paired measurements of 15.7 and 9 degrees for the posterior and anterior angles, respectively. Conclusion: the measurement of the genital tubercle angles showed a high accuracy in correctly predicting the fetal sex from the 12th week of gestation on. However, accuracy was still not high enough for clinical use in pregnancies at risk of serious X-linked diseases.