Toona ciliata, a new host of Cylindrocladium clavatum in Brazil

Abstract

Australian red cedar plants (Toona ciliata var. australis) grown in Piatã, in the region of Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil, have been affected by a rot that attacks the plant root collar and roots. The symptoms begin in the plant basal region, causing darkened lesions which will later rot the bark and roots (Fig. 1A). These lesions will evolve to what is called trunk annealing which, in association with the root rot, may cause the plant death. Generalized leaf yellowing can be observed in the canopy, causing the leaves to dry. This disease occurs more frequently in the drier periods of the year and has caused the death of approximately 10 % of the planted area; as a consequence, it might render cedar cultivation unviable in that region.Root samples were collected and microscopic examinations revealed the presence of a whitish fungal mycelium containing conidiophores and long conidia, which were isolated in potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture medium and identified as belonging to the genus Cylindrocladium. To determine the species, small fragments of the PDA medium containing fungal structures were plated onto Petri dishes containing clove leaf-agar medium (CLA) and incubated for fifteen A B C D E

Diversity and potential impact of Calonectria species in Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil

“…2004 ). Thus far however, the majority of the reports from Brazil focused on forestry crops, such as Pinus and Acacia ( Hodges and May, 1972 , Hodges et al., 1973 , Alfenas, 1986 , Dianese et al., 1986 , Novaes et al., 2012 , Alfenas et al., 2013a , Alfenas et al., 2013b ) and in particular on the epidemiology and disease control of Calonectria spp. associated with diseases of Eucalyptus in commercial plantations and nurseries ( Blum et al., 1992 , Mafia et al., 2008 , Mafia et al., 2009 , Graça et al., 2009 , Ferreira et al., 2012 , Alfenas et al., 2013c ).…”

FUNGOS ASSOCIADOS À MANCHA FOLIAR EM Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage NA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL

“…Espécies de Cylindrocladium têm sido relatadas como agentes patogênicos em diversas culturas, inclusive florestais, tais como pinus e acácia (HODGES; MAY, 1972;HODGES et al, 1973;ALFENAS, 1986;DIANESE et al, 1986;NOVAES et al, 2012), e, em particular, no gênero Eucalyptus, associados as doenças em plantios comerciais e em mudas nos viveiros (BLUM et al, 1992;GRAÇA et al, 2009;MAFIA et al, 2009;FERREIRA et al, 2012;ALFENAS et al, 2013;SCHULTZ et al, 2015;REZENDE et al, 2017). Esse fungo é a fase anamórfica do gênero Calonectria e é a fase mais comumente encontrada na natureza como agente causal de várias doenças, sendo crucial para a identificação em nível de espécie (CROUS, 2002).…”